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      Unusual Cause of Small Bowel Perforation: A Case Report

      case-report
      1 , , 2 , 1 , 1 , 3
      ,
      Cureus
      Cureus
      fishbone, emergency, surgical case reports, foreign body, small bowel perforation

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          Abstract

          Ingesting foreign bodies in the GI tract is not common, especially among adults. Here, we present a case of a 38-year-old male with a hyper-dense linear foreign body perforating the distal ileum, which turned out to be a 5-cm long fish bone eaten about a month before the presenting symptoms.

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          Most cited references9

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          Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract secondary to ingestion of foreign bodies.

          Ingesting a foreign body (FB) is not an uncommon occurrence. Most pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract uneventfully, and perforation is rare. The aim of this study was to report our experience with ingested FB perforations of the GI tract treated surgically at our institution. A total of 62 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for an ingested FB perforation of the GI tract between 1990 and 2005 were retrospectively reviewed. Three patients with no definite FB demonstrated intraoperatively were included. The patients had a median age of 58 years, and 37 (60%) were male. Of the 59 FBs recovered, 55 (93%) were toothpicks and dietary FBs such as fish bones or bone fragments. A definitive preoperative history of FB ingestion was obtained for only two patients, and 36 of 52 patients (69%) wore dentures. Altogether, 18 (29%) perforations occurred in the anus or distal rectum, and 44 perforations were intraabdominal, with the most common abdominal site being the distal ileum (39%). Patients with FB perforations in the stomach, duodenum, and large intestine were significantly more likely to be afebrile (P = 0.043), to have chronic symptoms (> 3 days) (P < 0.001), to have a normal total white blood cell count (P < 0.001), and to be asymptomatic or present with an abdominal mass or abscess (P < 0.001) compared to those with FB perforations in the jejunum and ileum. Ingested FB perforation in the adult population is most commonly secondary to unconscious accidental ingestion and is frequently caused by dietary FBs especially fish bones. A preoperative history of FB ingestion is thus rarely obtained, although wearing dentures is a common risk factor. FB perforations of the stomach, duodenum, and large intestine tend to present with a longer, more innocuous clinical picture than perforations in the jejunum or ileum.
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            A prospective study on fish bone ingestion. Experience of 358 patients.

            A prospective study was performed on 358 patients to examine the diagnosis, management, and natural history of fish bone ingestion. All patients admitted with the complaint had a thorough oral examination. Flexible endoscopy under local pharyngeal anesthesia would be performed on patients with negative findings. Of 117 fish bones encountered, 103 were removed (direct removal, 21; endoscopic removal, 82) and 12 were inadvertently dislodged. One was missed and the other one necessitated removal with rigid laryngoesophagoscopy under general anesthesia. Morbidity (1%) occurred in patients with triangular bones in the hypopharynx, resulting in one mucosal tear and two lengthy procedures. Mean hospital stay was 7 hours. Prediction of the presence of fish bones by symptoms and radiograph was poor. The location of symptoms, however, was useful in guiding the endoscopist to the site of lodgment. Of patients who refused endoscopy, only one (2.8%) developed retropharyngeal abscess. As compared to those who received endoscopy, 31.8% had fish bones detected. As the yield of fish bone detected was also inversely related to the duration of symptoms, we strongly suspect that most of the unremoved fish bones would be dislodged and passed. However, because of the serious potential complication from fish bone ingestion, we believe that a combination of oral examination followed by flexible endoscopy is indicated in all patients. When triangular bones in the hypopharynx are encountered, rigid laryngoesophagoscopy should be considered. This protocol had safely and effectively dealt with the present series of patients.
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              CT in the preoperative diagnosis of fish bone perforation of the gastrointestinal tract.

              Foreign body perforation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has diverse clinical manifestations, and the correct preoperative diagnosis is seldom made. We report our experience with the use of CT in the preoperative diagnosis of fish bone perforation of the GI tract in seven patients. To our knowledge, this series is the largest to date addressing the role of CT in the diagnosis of fish bone perforation. Clinical presentation and radiography are unreliable in the preoperative diagnosis of fish bone perforation of the GI tract. This limitation can be overcome with the use of CT, which is accurate in showing the offending fish bone. The accuracy of CT is limited by observer dependence. A high index of suspicion should always be maintained for the correct diagnosis to be made.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Cureus
                Cureus
                2168-8184
                Cureus
                Cureus (Palo Alto (CA) )
                2168-8184
                6 September 2022
                September 2022
                : 14
                : 9
                : e28853
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of General Surgery, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAU
                [2 ] Department of General Surgery, King Saud Hospital, Unayzah, SAU
                [3 ] College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAU
                Author notes
                Article
                10.7759/cureus.28853
                9536811
                d83c7bd3-31ff-437c-905c-ba659509c51c
                Copyright © 2022, Alharbi et al.

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 6 September 2022
                Categories
                Emergency Medicine
                Gastroenterology
                General Surgery

                fishbone,emergency,surgical case reports,foreign body,small bowel perforation

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