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      Treatment of two-part fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus using a locked metaphyseal intramedullary nail proximally with angular stability Translated title: Tratamento das fraturas em duas partes do colo cirúrgico do úmero com o uso de haste intramedular metafisária bloqueada proximalmente com estabilidade angular

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          To evaluate the functional results from patients with surgical neck fractures treated with a locked metaphyseal intramedullary nail and angular stability.

          Methods

          Twenty-two patients between the ages of 21 and 69 years were evaluated prospectively between January 2010 and January 2011. Their time taken for consolidation, age, sex, complications and functional results were correlated using the modified protocol of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA).

          Results

          The mean time taken for consolidation was 9.26 weeks ± confidence interval (CI) of 0.40 weeks. One case (4.5%) did not become consolidated. There were no cases of infection. There was one case (4.5%) of adhesive capsulitis with good evolution through clinical treatment. Five patients (22.7%) presented occasional mild pain and one case (4.5%) reported medium-intensity pain associated with the subacromial impact of the implant. The mean score on the modified UCLA scale was 30.4 ± CI 1.6 points, obtained at the end of 12 weeks of evaluation: 18 cases (81.8%) with “excellent” and “good” scores, three cases (13.6%) with “fair” scores and one case (4.5%) with a “poor” score.

          Conclusion

          In the group of patients evaluated, treatment of two-part surgical neck fractures by means of a locked metaphyseal intramedullary nail and angular stability demonstrated satisfactory functional results and a low complication rate, similar to what is seen in the literature.

          Resumo

          Objetivos

          Avaliar os resultados funcionais de pacientes com fraturas do colo cirúrgico tratados com haste intramedular metafisária bloqueada (HIMB) e estabilidade angular.

          Métodos

          Foram analisados 22 pacientes prospectivos entre 21 e 69 anos, avaliados entre janeiro de 2010 e janeiro de 2011, e correlacionados tempo de consolidação, idade, sexo, complicações e resultado funcional com o protocolo da University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) modificado.

          Resultados

          O tempo de consolidação médio foi de 9,26 ± intervalo de confiança (IC) de 0,40 semana. Um caso (4,5%) não se consolidou. Não houve infecção. Houve um caso (4,5%) de capsulite adesiva com boa evolução ao tratamento clínico. Cinco pacientes (22,7%) apresentaram leve dor eventual e um caso (4,5%) referiu dor de média intensidade associada a impacto subacromial do implante. O escore médio UCLA modificado foi 30,4 ± IC 1,6 ponto obtidos no fim de 12 meses de avaliação, 18 casos (81,8%) com escore «excelente» e «bom», três casos (13,6%) com escore «razoável» e um caso (4,5%) com escore «ruim».

          Conclusão

          No grupo de pacientes avaliados, o tratamento das fraturas em duas partes do colo cirúrgico com HIMB e a estabilidade angular demonstraram resultados funcionais satisfatórios e baixo índice de complicações, semelhantes aos encontrados na literatura.

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          Most cited references38

          • Record: found
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          Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation.

          C S Neer (1970)
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            The epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures.

            We present a 5-year prospective study of the epidemiology of 1,027 proximal humeral fractures. These fractures, which tend to occur in fit elderly persons, have a unipolar age distribution and the highest age-specific incidence occurs in women between 80 and 89 years of age. The commonest was the B1.1 impacted valgus fracture, found in one-fifth of the cases in this series, a type that is not included in the Neer classification. We used both Neer and AO classifications. The AO classification proved to be more comprehensive because in the Neer classification, half of the fractures are minimally displaced and almost nine-tenths fall into only three categories. In the AO classification, the B1.1, A2.2, A3.2 and A1.2 sub-groups comprise over half of all proximal humeral fractures, while the AO type C fractures occur in only 6%. We suggest that the literature does not adequately reflect the spectrum of proximal humeral fractures.
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              Risk factors for proximal humerus, forearm, and wrist fractures in elderly men and women: the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study.

              Fractures of the proximal humerus, forearm, and wrist account for approximately one third of total osteoporotic fractures in the elderly. Several risk factors for these fractures were evaluated in this prospective study of 739 men and 1,105 women aged > or =60 years in Dubbo, Australia. During follow-up (1989-1996), the respective incidences of humerus and of forearm and wrist fractures, per 10,000 person-years, were 22.6 and 33.8 for men and 54.8 and 124.6 for women. Independent predictors of humerus fracture were femoral neck bone mineral density (FNBMD) (relative risk (RR) = 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2, 4.5) in men and FNBMD (RR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.7, 3.5) and height loss (RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.2) in women. For forearm and wrist fractures, risk factors were FNBMD (men: RR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0, 2.3; women: RR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 1.9) and height loss (men: RR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.3; women: RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.2). In addition, dietary calcium (men: RR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0, 3.6) and a history of falls (women: RR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.4, 2.6) were also significant. These data suggest that elderly men and women largely share common risk factors for upper limb fractures and that FNBMD is the primary risk factor.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Rev Bras Ortop
                Rev Bras Ortop
                Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia
                Elsevier
                2255-4971
                23 January 2015
                Jan-Feb 2015
                23 January 2015
                : 50
                : 1
                : 22-29
                Affiliations
                [0005]Carmino Caricchio Municipal Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
                Author notes
                Article
                S2255-4971(15)00002-6
                10.1016/j.rboe.2015.01.001
                4519566
                26229892
                d9cf39a6-f2be-482f-b2a4-0fe9adff72df
                © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 30 November 2013
                : 13 February 2014
                Categories
                Original Article

                humeral fracture,intramedullary fracture fixation,surgical procedures,fratura do úmero,fixação intramedular de fraturas,procedimentos cirúrgicos

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