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      Efecto de consorcios microbianos en el patosistema Solanum lycopersicum -Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici Translated title: Effect of microbial consortia on the Solanum lycopersicum - Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici pathosystem

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          Abstract

          Resumen. El objetivo fue evaluar el antagonismo in vitro de tres consorcios microbianos sobre tres cepas de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) y su efecto en plántulas de tomate (Solanum lycoper sicum) con síntomas de marchitez, bajo condiciones de invernadero. Se evaluaron los consorcios microbianos Soil Pro (SP), SOS® (SOS) y SSB® (SSB), de Liventia™; compuestos por bacterias, levaduras y micorrizas. Para determinar el antagonismo in vitro se utilizó la técnica de medio envenenado. En el invernadero se aplicaron los tres consorcios a plántulas de tomate inoculadas con Fol y se evaluaron: altura de la planta, diámetro del tallo, contenido de clorofila, peso seco de la biomasa aérea, peso seco de la raíz e incidencia y severidad de la marchitez. En la prueba en invernadero SP incrementó en 21% el crecimiento de las plántulas de tomate, respecto a severidad SP y SOS disminuyeron 37% el daño de las plántulas.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The objective was to evaluate the in vitro antagonism of three microbial consortia on three strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) and their effect on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings with wilt symptoms, under greenhouse conditions. The microbial consortia evaluated were Soil Pro (SP), SOS® (SOS) and SSB® (SSB), from Liventia™, composed of bacteria, yeasts and mycorrhizae. The poisoned medium technique was used to determine in vitro antagonism. In the greenhouse, the three consortia were applied to tomato seedlings inoculated with Fol and the following were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, aerial biomass dry weight, root dry weight and wilt incidence and severity. In the greenhouse test, SP increased the growth of tomato seedlings by 21%, while SP and SOS reduced seedling damage by 37%.

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          Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as Green Bioinoculants: Recent Developments, Constraints, and Prospects

          Anirban Basu, Priyanka Prasad, Subha Narayan Das … (2021)
          The quest for enhancing agricultural yields due to increased pressure on food production has inevitably led to the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and other agrochemicals. Biofertilizers are emerging as a suitable alternative to counteract the adverse environmental impacts exerted by synthetic agrochemicals. Biofertilizers facilitate the overall growth and yield of crops in an eco-friendly manner. They contain living or dormant microbes, which are applied to the soil or used for treating crop seeds. One of the foremost candidates in this respect is rhizobacteria. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are an important cluster of beneficial, root-colonizing bacteria thriving in the plant rhizosphere and bulk soil. They exhibit synergistic and antagonistic interactions with the soil microbiota and engage in an array of activities of ecological significance. They promote plant growth by facilitating biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and support the nutrition of host plants. Due to their active growth endorsing activities, PGPRs are considered an eco-friendly alternative to hazardous chemical fertilizers. The use of PGPRs as biofertilizers is a biological approach toward the sustainable intensification of agriculture. However, their application for increasing agricultural yields has several pros and cons. Application of potential biofertilizers that perform well in the laboratory and greenhouse conditions often fails to deliver the expected effects on plant development in field settings. Here we review the different types of PGPR-based biofertilizers, discuss the challenges faced in the widespread adoption of biofertilizers, and deliberate the prospects of using biofertilizers to promote sustainable agriculture.
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            RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM 1, a dominant Arabidopsis disease-resistance gene, is not race specific.

            Andrew Diener, Frederick M. Ausubel (2005)
            Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes differ in their susceptibility to Fusarium wilt diseases. Ecotype Taynuilt-0 (Ty-0) is susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis (f.) matthioli whereas Columbia-0 (Col-0) is resistant. Segregation analysis of a cross between Ty-0 and Col-0 revealed six dominant RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM (RFO) loci that significantly contribute to f. matthioli resistance in Col-0 relative to Ty-0. We refer to the locus with the strongest effect as RFO1. Ty-0 plants in which only the Col-0 allele of RFO1 (RFO1(Col-0)) was introduced were resistant to f. matthioli. Surprisingly, RFO1(Col-0) also conferred resistance to f. raphani, demonstrating that RFO1-mediated resistance is not race specific. Expression of resistance by RFO2, RFO4, or RFO6 was dependent on RFO1(Col-0). Map-based cloning of RFO1(Col-0) showed that RFO1 is identical to the previously named Arabidopsis gene WAKL22 (WALL-ASSOCIATED KINASE-LIKE KINASE 22), which encodes a receptor-like kinase that does not contain an extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain. Consistent with these results, a Col-0 rfo1 loss-of-function mutant was more susceptible to f. matthioli, f. conglutinans, and f. raphani. Thus, RFO1 encodes a novel type of dominant disease-resistance protein that confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Fusarium races.
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              Antagonism of Two Plant-Growth Promoting Bacillus velezensis Isolates Against Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium oxysporum

              Yu Cao, Hualiang Pi, Pete Chandrangsu … (2018)
              Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) provide an effective and environmentally sustainable method to protect crops against pathogens. The spore-forming Bacilli are attractive PGPR due to their ease of storage and application. Here, we characterized two rhizosphere-associated Bacillus velezensis isolates (Y6 and F7) that possess strong antagonistic activity against Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium oxysporum under both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. We identified three lipopeptide (LP) compounds (surfactin, iturin and fengycin) as responsible for the antimicrobial activity of these two strains. We further dissected the contribution of LPs to various biological processes important for rhizosphere colonization. Although either iturin or fengycin is sufficient for antibacterial activity, cell motility and biofilm formation, only iturin plays a primary role in defense against the fungal pathogen F. oxysporum. Additionally, we found that LP production is significantly stimulated during interaction with R. solanacearum. These results demonstrate the different roles of LPs in the biology of B. velezensis and highlight the potential of these two isolates as biocontrol agents against phytopathogens.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): era
                Title: Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios
                Abbreviated Title: Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios
                Publisher: Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado (Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico )
                ISSN (Print): 2007-9028
                ISSN (Electronic): 2007-901X
                Publication date (Print and electronic): December 2022
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 3
                Electronic Location Identifier: e3221
                Affiliations
                [6] Culiacán de Rosales Sinaloa orgnameEncore Biotechnology SA de CV México
                [1] Saltillo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Mexico
                [3] Saltillo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Mexico
                [4] Saltillo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Mexico
                [7] Ensenada Baja California orgnameCentro de investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada orgdiv1Departamento de Microbiología México
                [2] Saltillo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro orgdiv1Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola Mexico
                [5] Zapopan orgnameUniversidad de Guadalajara orgdiv1Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Mexico
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2007-90282022000300023 Publisher ID: S2007-9028(22)00900300023
                DOI: 10.19136/era.a9n3.3221
                SO-VID: da798611-8654-41cf-ab76-05802bf9b53a
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                Date received : 14 December 2021
                Date accepted : 31 October 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Subject: Notas científicas

                Keywords: in vitro antagonism,Biological control,incidence and severity,plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,tomato wilt,Antagonismo in vitro,control biológico,incidencia y severidad,marchitez vascular del tomate,rizobacterias promotoras de crecimiento en plantas
                Data availability:
                Keywords: in vitro antagonism, Biological control, incidence and severity, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, tomato wilt, Antagonismo in vitro, control biológico, incidencia y severidad, marchitez vascular del tomate, rizobacterias promotoras de crecimiento en plantas

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