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      User-Friendly Vendor-Specific Guideline for Pediatric Cardiothoracic Computed Tomography Provided by the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging Congenital Heart Disease Study Group: Part 1. Imaging Techniques

      review-article
      Author(s): , MD, PhD 1 , , MD, PhD 2 , , , MD, PhD 3 , , MD, PhD 4 , , MD, PhD 5 , Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging Congenital Heart Disease Study Group
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Korean Journal of Radiology
      Publisher: The Korean Society of Radiology
      Keywords: Child, Congenital heart disease, Computed tomography, Guideline, CT protocols, Patient preparation, CT scan techniques, Radiation dose optimization, Intravenous injection protocols, Post-processing

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          Abstract

          Optimal performance of pediatric cardiothoracic computed tomography (CT) is technically challenging and may need different approaches for different types of CT scanners. To meet the technical demands and improve clinical standards, a practical, user-friendly, and vendor-specific guideline for pediatric cardiothoracic CT needs to be developed for children with congenital heart disease (CHD). In this article, we have attempted to describe such guideline based on the consensus of experts in the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging CHD Study Group. This first part describes the imaging techniques of pediatric cardiothoracic CT, and it includes recommendations for patient preparation, scan techniques, radiation dose, intravenous injection protocol, post-processing, and vendor-specific protocols.

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          Dual-Energy CT: New Horizon in Medical Imaging

          Hyun Goo, Jin Mo Goo (2017)
          Dual-energy CT has remained underutilized over the past decade probably due to a cumbersome workflow issue and current technical limitations. Clinical radiologists should be made aware of the potential clinical benefits of dual-energy CT over single-energy CT. To accomplish this aim, the basic principle, current acquisition methods with advantages and disadvantages, and various material-specific imaging methods as clinical applications of dual-energy CT should be addressed in detail. Current dual-energy CT acquisition methods include dual tubes with or without beam filtration, rapid voltage switching, dual-layer detector, split filter technique, and sequential scanning. Dual-energy material-specific imaging methods include virtual monoenergetic or monochromatic imaging, effective atomic number map, virtual non-contrast or unenhanced imaging, virtual non-calcium imaging, iodine map, inhaled xenon map, uric acid imaging, automatic bone removal, and lung vessels analysis. In this review, we focus on dual-energy CT imaging including related issues of radiation exposure to patients, scanning and post-processing options, and potential clinical benefits mainly to improve the understanding of clinical radiologists and thus, expand the clinical use of dual-energy CT; in addition, we briefly describe the current technical limitations of dual-energy CT and the current developments of photon-counting detector.
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            Hands-on surgical training of congenital heart surgery using 3-dimensional print models.

            Shi-Joon Yoo, Thomas Spray, Erle Austin … (2017)
            Patient-based congenital heart surgery (CHS) training is opportunity-based and difficult. Three-dimensional (3D) print models of the heart were used for hands-on surgical training (HOST) at the 2015 AATS and subsequently in 2 local institutions. We aim to introduce the process of 3D printing for surgical simulation and to present the attendee's responses.
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              CT Radiation Dose Optimization and Estimation: an Update for Radiologists

              Hyun Goo (2011)
              In keeping with the increasing utilization of CT examinations, the greater concern about radiation hazards from examinations has been addressed. In this regard, CT radiation dose optimization has been given a great deal of attention by radiologists, referring physicians, technologists, and physicists. Dose-saving strategies are continuously evolving in terms of imaging techniques as well as dose management. Consequently, regular updates of this issue are necessary especially for radiologists who play a pivotal role in this activity. This review article will provide an update on how we can optimize CT dose in order to maximize the benefit-to-risk ratio of this clinically useful diagnostic imaging method.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Korean J Radiol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Korean J Radiol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): KJR
                Title: Korean Journal of Radiology
                Publisher: The Korean Society of Radiology
                ISSN (Print): 1229-6929
                ISSN (Electronic): 2005-8330
                Publication date (Print): February 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 28 December 2018
                Volume: 20
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 190-204
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Radiology, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, Korea.
                [2 ]Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
                [3 ]Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
                [4 ]Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
                [5 ]Congenital Heart Disease Study Group Member of the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging, Taiwan.
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Hyun Woo Goo, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea. Tel: (822) 3010-4388, Fax: (822) 476-0090, ghw68@ 123456hanmail.net
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4767-4921
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6861-5958
                Article
                DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2018.0571
                PMC ID: 6342752
                PubMed ID: 30672159
                SO-VID: dab9c161-f0d7-4c6c-b6b4-d0cc192f9f16
                Copyright © Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Radiology
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 23 August 2018
                Date accepted : 30 September 2018
                Categories
                Subject: Cardiovascular Imaging
                Subject: Review Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Radiology & Imaging
                Keywords: child,congenital heart disease,computed tomography,guideline,ct protocols,patient preparation,ct scan techniques,radiation dose optimization,intravenous injection protocols,post-processing
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Radiology & Imaging
                Keywords: child, congenital heart disease, computed tomography, guideline, ct protocols, patient preparation, ct scan techniques, radiation dose optimization, intravenous injection protocols, post-processing

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