Association between peripheral arterial occlusive disease and cardiothoracic ratio in patients on chronic hemodialysis

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Abstract

The cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) are related to mortality in hemodialysis patients. However, data on the association between PAOD and CTR are limited. In this study, we aim to elucidate this relationship in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Using a retrospective cross-sectional study of 622 Taiwanese patients, we investigated the association of PAOD and CTR. PAOD was significantly associated with CTR in the crude analysis. The odds ratio (OR) for CTR >0.5 was 1.77 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32–2.37], and the odds ratio for CTR >0.6 was 2.18 [95% CI, 1.44–3.30]. After adjusting for confounding variables, this difference continued to exhibit significant predictive power for CTR >0.6 (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.14–3.11), but the predictive power for CTR >0.5 was attenuated (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.98–2.03). In the subgroup analysis, PAOD was an independent factor for CTR >0.6, particularly in elderly and female patients or patients with hemoglobin >10 mg/dl and with no history of cardiovascular disease. In this research, we showed that the detection of PAOD was independently associated with CTR >0.6 in patients on chronic hemodialysis.

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Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risks in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Benjamin Dwyer, Kenneth Levey, R Heyka … (2000)

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death among chronic hemodialysis patients, yet the risk factors for these events have not been well established. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between several traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors and the presence or history of cardiovascular events in 936 hemodialysis patients enrolled in the baseline phase of the Hemodialysis Study sponsored by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The adjusted odds ratios for each of the selected risk factors were estimated using a multivariable logistic regression model, controlling for the remaining risk factors, clinical center, and years on dialysis. Forty percent of the patients had coronary heart disease. Nineteen percent had cerebrovascular disease, and 23% had peripheral vascular disease. As expected, diabetes and smoking were strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases. Increasing age was also an important contributor, especially in the group less than 55 years and in nondiabetic patients. Black race was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases than non-blacks. Interestingly, neither serum total cholesterol nor predialysis systolic blood pressure was associated with coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral vascular disease. Further estimation of the coronary risks in our cohort using the Framingham coronary point score suggests that traditional risk factors are inadequate predictors of coronary heart disease in hemodialysis patients. Some of the traditional coronary risk factors in the general population appear to be also applicable to the hemodialysis population, while other factors did not correlate with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in this cross-sectional study. Nontraditional risk factors, including the uremic milieu and perhaps the hemodialysis procedure itself, are likely to be contributory. Further studies are necessary to define the cardiovascular risk factors in order to devise preventive and interventional strategies for the chronic hemodialysis population.

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Left ventricular hypertrophy in nondiabetic predialysis CKD.

Diego Bellino, Davide Rolla, Giuseppe Cannella … (2005)

Although left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a strong predictor of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease, few studies are available before the start of dialysis treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlates of LVH in nondiabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not yet undergoing renal replacement therapy. We investigated 244 nondiabetic patients with CKD; 57 patients (42 men; age, 20 to 78 years) had stages 1 to 2 CKD and 187 patients (122 men; age, 18 to 77 years) had stages 3 to 5 CKD. Fifty-two normotensive healthy subjects served as controls. Each patient had blood pressure (BP) measured by means of 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring and left ventricular mass index (LVMi) assessed by means of M-mode echocardiography. Creatinine clearance was estimated by means of the Cockcroft-Gault formula, and hemoglobin, serum lipid, and intact parathyroid hormone concentrations and daily urinary protein excretion were assessed by using routine methods. In the overall group, prevalences of arterial hypertension and LVH were 66% and 74%, respectively. LVMi was 160 +/- 50 g/m2 body surface area and associated directly with age (P = 0.0013), duration of arterial hypertension (P = 0.0075), 24-hour systolic BP (P = 0.0113), pulse pressure (P = 0.0003), daytime (P = 0.0206) and nighttime systolic BP (P = 0.0059), and urinary protein excretion (P < 0.05) and inversely with creatinine clearance (P = 0.0103) and hemoglobin level (P = 0.0276). In patients with CKD stages 1 to 2 (LVH prevalence, 51%), age, duration of arterial hypertension, pulse pressure, and urinary protein excretion were significant predictors of LVMi (P < 0.00002) by using stepwise regression analysis, whereas in those with CKD stages 3 to 5 (LVH prevalence, 78%), pulse pressure emerged as the sole predictor of LVMi (P = 0.0011). The prevalence of LVH in nondiabetic predialysis patients with CKD is greater than previously reported, and there is evidence that LVH already is present in the early stages of renal disease. Arterial hypertension is associated with LVH in patients with CKD, and the strong relationship between elevated pulse pressure and LVH in those with more advanced CKD suggests that increased arterial stiffness might have a role for LVH well before the start of dialysis therapy.

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Ankle-brachial blood pressure index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients.

Kumeo Ono, Akiyasu Tsuchida, Hironobu Kawai … (2003)

A reduction in ankle-brachial BP index (ABPI) is associated with generalized atherosclerotic diseases and predicts cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in several patient populations. However, a large-scale analysis of ABPI is lacking for hemodialysis (HD) patients, and its use in this population is not fully validated. A cohort of 1010 Japanese patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis was studied between November 1999 and May 2002. Mean age at entry was 60.6 +/- 12.5 yr, and duration of follow-up was 22.3 +/- 5.6 mo. Patients were stratified into five groups ( or = 0.9 to or = 1.0 to or = 1.1 to or = 1.3) by ABPI measured at entry by an oscillometric method. The frequency distribution of ABPI was 16.5% of patients or = 0.9 to or = to or 1.1 to or = 1.3). The relative risk of a history of diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disease was significantly higher in patients with lower ABPI than those with ABPI > or = 1.1 to or = 0.9 to or = 1.3) also had poor prognosis (HR, 2.33 [1.11 to 4.89] and 3.04 [1.14 to 8.12] for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively). Thus, the present findings validate ABPI as a powerful and independent predictor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among hemodialysis patients.

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Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Rep

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Rep

Title: Scientific Reports

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group

ISSN (Electronic): 2045-2322

Publication date (Electronic): 05 December 2016

Publication date Collection: 2016

Volume: 6

Electronic Location Identifier: 38458

Affiliations

[1 ]Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C)

[2 ]Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hsin-Jen Hospital , New Taipei City, Taiwan (R.O.C)

[3 ]Fu-Jen Catholic University School of Medicine , Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C)

[4 ]Division of Biostatistics, Institutes of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C)

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[a ] chaosmyth.tw@ 123456gmail.com

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Publisher Item ID: srep38458

DOI: 10.1038/srep38458

PMC ID: 5137470

PubMed ID: 27918569

SO-VID: dbf8107d-9c9f-4dbd-9377-ec24dae6fa37

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Association between peripheral arterial occlusive disease and cardiothoracic ratio in patients on chronic hemodialysis

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Most cited references 25

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risks in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Left ventricular hypertrophy in nondiabetic predialysis CKD.

Ankle-brachial blood pressure index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients.

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