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      A new species of Cristarmadillidium from central Spain with remarks on Estenarmadillidium and Iberiarmadillidium (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Armadillidiidae)

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      Journal: Zootaxa
      Publisher: Magnolia Press

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          Abstract

          The terrestrial isopod Cristarmadillidium cabanillasi sp. nov. (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Armadillidiidae) is described from Sierra Oeste and from the foothills of Sierra de Guadarrama (Madrid, Spain) in the Iberian Peninsula. The new species is the second of this genus to be discovered in the southwestern/central Iberian regions. In addition, morphological aspects of other endemic species of the related genera Estenarmadillidium and Iberiarmadillidium, are also discussed.  

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          A fast GNU method to draw accurate scientific illustrations for taxonomy

          Giuseppe Montesanto (2015)
          Abstract Nowadays only digital figures are accepted by the most important journals of taxonomy. These may be produced by scanning conventional drawings, made with high precision technical ink-pens, which normally use capillary cartridge and various line widths. Digital drawing techniques that use vector graphics, have already been described in literature to support scientists in drawing figures and plates for scientific illustrations; these techniques use many different software and hardware devices. The present work gives step-by-step instructions on how to make accurate line drawings with a new procedure that uses bitmap graphics with the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP). This method is noteworthy: it is very accurate, producing detailed lines at the highest resolution; the raster lines appear as realistic ink-made drawings; it is faster than the traditional way of making illustrations; everyone can use this simple technique; this method is completely free as it does not use expensive and licensed software and it can be used with different operating systems. The method has been developed drawing figures of terrestrial isopods and some examples are here given.
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            Patterns of taxonomic diversity among terrestrial isopods

            Spyros Sfenthourakis, Stefano Taiti (2015)
            Abstract The publication of the world catalog of terrestrial isopods some ten years ago by Schmalfuss has facilitated research on isopod diversity patterns at a global scale. Furthermore, even though we still lack a comprehensive and robust phylogeny of Oniscidea , we do have some useful approaches to phylogenetic relationships among major clades which can offer additional insights into isopod evolutionary dynamics. Taxonomic diversity is one of many approaches to biodiversity and, despite its sensitiveness to biases in taxonomic practice, has proved useful in exploring diversification dynamics of various taxa. In the present work, we attempt an analysis of taxonomic diversity patterns among Oniscidea based on an updated world list of species containing 3,710 species belonging to 527 genera and 37 families (data till April 2014). The analysis explores species diversity at the genus and family level, as well as the relationships between species per genera, species per families, and genera per families. In addition, we consider the structure of isopod taxonomic system under the fractal perspective that has been proposed as a measure of a taxon’s diversification. Finally, we check whether there is any phylogenetic signal behind taxonomic diversity patterns. The results can be useful in a more detailed elaboration of Oniscidea systematics.
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              Homoplasy and morphological stasis revealed through multilocus phylogeny of new myrmecophilous species in Armadillidiidae (Isopoda: Oniscidea)

              Ernesto Recuero, Paula C Rodríguez-Flores, Mario García-París (2022)
              The terrestrial isopod family Armadillidiidae presents higher diversity in karstic areas, with fewer species present in areas with reduced suitable subterranean habitats, such as siliceous sandy soils. Myrmecophily, although not widespread in the family Armadillidiidae, can help these animals to colonize sandy substrates, as is observed in several populations of myrmecophilous Armadillidiidae species in central and southern Spain. Morphological examination and multilocus phylogenetic analyses, including mitochondrial DNA (Cox1) and nuclear DNA (18S, 28S and H3) markers, indicate that these myrmecophilous populations represent four new taxa: Iberiarmadillidium pinicola gen. & sp. nov., Iberiarmadillidium psammophilum sp. nov., Iberiarmadillidium sakura sp. nov. and Cristarmadillidium myrmecophilum sp. nov. Some of the main diagnostic characters used in the taxonomy of Armadillidiidae are not clearly apomorphic. Among head morphologies, Eluma type seems to be the ancestral state, being typical of several unrelated lineages; duplocarinate and Armadillidium types are derived states observed in unrelated lineages. The presence of a schisma is a convergent character state, because it has been identified in several taxa nested in unrelated clades. The newly described taxa present patterns of morphological stasis and homoplasy, likely to be associated with their shared myrmecophilous habits. The generic taxonomy of the family needs a deep revision including phylogenetic approaches and thorough taxon sampling.
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                Author and article information

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                Journal
                Title: Zootaxa
                Abbreviated Title: Zootaxa
                Publisher: Magnolia Press
                ISSN (Electronic): 1175-5334
                ISSN (Print): 1175-5326
                Publication date Created: August 01 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): August 01 2023
                Volume: 5323
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 285-292
                Article
                DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.2.8
                SO-VID: dce5756a-0121-4296-a94c-3f592f9231c8
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