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      What is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on residency training: a systematic review and analysis

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          Abstract

          Background

          The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has greatly affected medical education in addition to clinical systems. Residency training has probably been the most affected aspect of medical education during the pandemic, and research on this topic is crucial for educators and clinical teachers. The aim of this study was to understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic comprehensively through a systematic review and analysis of related published articles.

          Methods

          A systematic review was conducted based on a predesigned protocol. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases until November 30, 2020, for eligible articles. Two independent reviewers extracted data by using a customized form to record crucial information, and any conflicts between the two reviewers were resolved through discussion with another independent reviewer. The aggregated data were summarized and analyzed.

          Results

          In total, 53 original articles that investigated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on residency training were included. Studies from various regions were included in the research, with the largest percentage from the United States ( n = 25, 47.2%). Most of these original articles were questionnaire-based studies ( n = 44, 83%), and the research target groups included residents (79.55%), program directors (13.64%), or both (6.82%). The majority of the articles ( n = 37, 84.0%) were published in countries severely affected by the pandemic. Surgery ( n = 36, 67.92%) was the most commonly studied field.

          Conclusions

          The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected residency training globally, particularly surgical and interventional medical fields. Decreased clinical experience, reduced case volume, and disrupted education activities are major concerns. Further studies should be conducted with a focus on the learning outcomes of residency training during the pandemic and the effectiveness of assisted teaching methods.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12909-021-03041-8.

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          Most cited references66

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          PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation

          Adrian Aldcroft, Chantelle Garritty, Simon Lewin … (2018)
          Scoping reviews, a type of knowledge synthesis, follow a systematic approach to map evidence on a topic and identify main concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps. Although more scoping reviews are being done, their methodological and reporting quality need improvement. This document presents the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist and explanation. The checklist was developed by a 24-member expert panel and 2 research leads following published guidance from the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network. The final checklist contains 20 essential reporting items and 2 optional items. The authors provide a rationale and an example of good reporting for each item. The intent of the PRISMA-ScR is to help readers (including researchers, publishers, commissioners, policymakers, health care providers, guideline developers, and patients or consumers) develop a greater understanding of relevant terminology, core concepts, and key items to report for scoping reviews.
          Article 0 comments Cited 7000 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Covid-19 — Implications for the Health Care System

            David Blumenthal, Elizabeth Fowler, Melinda Abrams … (2020)
            Article 0 comments Cited 292 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Medical and Surgical Education Challenges and Innovations in the COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review

              AIKATERINI DEDEILIA, MARINOS SOTIROPOULOS, JOHN GERRARD HANRAHAN … (2020)
              The aim of this systematic review was to identify the challenges imposed on medical and surgical education by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the proposed innovations enabling the continuation of medical student and resident training. A systematic review on the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed on April 18th, 2020, and yielded 1288 articles. Sixty-one of the included manuscripts were synthesized in a qualitative description focused on two major axes, "challenges" and "innovative solutions", and two minor axes, "mental health" and "medical students in the frontlines". Shortage of personal protective equipment, suspension of clinical clerkships and observerships and reduction in elective surgical cases unavoidably affect medical and surgical education. Interesting solutions involving the use of virtual learning, videoconferencing, social media and telemedicine could effectively tackle the sudden cease in medical education. Furthermore, trainee's mental health should be safeguarded, and medical students can be involved in the COVID-19 clinical treatment if needed.
              Article 0 comments Cited 270 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Shang-Kai Hung: mm200411800@cgmh.org.tw , mm200411800@hotmail.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Med Educ
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Med Educ
                Title: BMC Medical Education
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6920
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 December 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 15 December 2021
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Volume: 21
                Electronic Location Identifier: 618
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.454211.7, ISNI 0000 0004 1756 999X, Department of Emergency Medicine, , Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, ; 333 Taoyuan City, Taiwan
                [2 ]GRID grid.145695.a, ISNI 0000 0004 1798 0922, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences; Division of Medical Education, , College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, ; 333 Taoyuan City, Taiwan
                Article
                Publisher ID: 3041
                DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-03041-8
                PMC ID: 8671601
                PubMed ID: 34911503
                SO-VID: e04db2c2-f016-436a-aaad-f9dae91d4433
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2021
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                Date received : 7 April 2021
                Date accepted : 25 November 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Research
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2021

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Education
                Keywords: covid19,residency training,residents,medical education
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Education
                Keywords: covid19, residency training, residents, medical education

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