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Abstract
We initially observed a phenomenon of reduced in vitro binding of exogenous cobalt
[Co(II)] to the N-terminus of human serum albumin (HSA) in emergency chest pain patients
with early onset unstable angina and myocardial infarction. We then developed a colorimetric
assay to measure cobalt-HSA binding and record the results in absorbance units (ABSU).
In a preliminary clinical study of 139 emergency patients with acute chest pain, 99
patients with evidence of myocardial ischemia (Group 1) had elevated assay levels
(mean ABSU +/- SD; 0.519 +/- 0.086) compared to 40 patients (Group 2) with no evidence
of ischemia (0.316 +/- 0.092) (p < 0.00001). In Group 1, 95 of 99 (96.0%) patients
had levels higher than a decision threshold of 0.400 ABSU and in Group 2, 37 of 40
(92.5%) samples had higher cobalt binding capacity (ABSU </= 0.400). Further studies
are warranted to determine if an assay measuring altered cobalt-HSA binding is a clinically
useful diagnostic test to rule out myocardial ischemia.