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      Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Apical Extrusion of Irrigating Solution

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          To determine the influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on apical extrusion of irrigating solution.

          Methods

          Twenty freshly extracted maxillary and mandibular incisors with single straight root canals were instrumented with ProTaper rotary files. During final irrigation, the root canals were filled with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and PUI was performed with a piezoelectronic unit. A stainless steel instrument (size 15) was inserted into the root canal and the irrigant was ultrasonically activated for one minute. This sequence was repeated three times, resulting in a total PUI time of three minutes. The volume of extruded irrigant was measured by Pipetman pipettes. The data were statistically analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test.

          Results

          The mean volume of apical extruded irrigant was 2.15 μL for the PUI group and 14 μL for the control group. The experimental group extruded significantly smaller amounts of irrigant than the control group (P<.05).

          Conclusions

          The PUI procedure as a final irrigation was associated with less apical extrusion of the irrigating solution.

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          Passive ultrasonic irrigation of the root canal: a review of the literature.

          Michael Ameringen, Mu-Shiang Wu, M Versluis … (2007)
          Ultrasonic irrigation of the root canal can be performed with or without simultaneous ultrasonic instrumentation. When canal shaping is not undertaken the term passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) can be used to describe the technique. In this paper the relevant literature on PUI is reviewed from a MEDLINE database search. Passive ultrasonic irrigation can be performed with a small file or smooth wire (size 10-20) oscillating freely in the root canal to induce powerful acoustic microstreaming. PUI can be an important supplement for cleaning the root canal system and, compared with traditional syringe irrigation, it removes more organic tissue, planktonic bacteria and dentine debris from the root canal. PUI is more efficient in cleaning canals than ultrasonic irrigation with simultaneous ultrasonic instrumentation. PUI can be effective in curved canals and a smooth wire can be as effective as a cutting K-file. The taper and the diameter of the root canal were found to be important parameters in determining the efficacies of dentine debris removal. Irrigation with sodium hypochlorite is more effective than with water and ultrasonic irrigation is more effective than sonic irrigation in the removal of dentine debris from the root canal. The role of cavitation during PUI remains inconclusive. No detailed information is available on the influence of the irrigation time, the volume of the irrigant, the penetration depth of the instrument and the shape and material properties of the instrument. The influence of irrigation frequency and intensity on the streaming pattern as well as the complicated interaction of acoustic streaming with the adherent biofilm needs to be clarified to reveal the underlying physical mechanisms of PUI.
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            A comparison of weights of debris extruded apically by conventional filing and Canal Master techniques.

            Polly S. Montgomery, Logan Myers (1991)
            Sixty extracted human teeth were divided into three groups of 20 each. Apically extruded debris and irrigant were collected, dried, and weighed by the following three instrumentation techniques: (a) group 1, filing 1 mm short of the foramen; (b) group 2, Canal Master instrumentation to the foramen; and (c) group 3, filing to the foramen (for a relative comparison). The results indicated that all three groups were significantly different from one another. Group 1 had the least amount of debris extruded. Of the two groups instrumented to the foramen, group 3 had twice as much debris extruded as group 2. An apical dentinal plug was frequently found in group 1 and was probably a major reason why this group had the least amount of extruded debris. The significance of this dentinal plug and possible indications for instrumentation to the foramen are discussed.
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              Complications during root canal irrigation--literature review and case reports.

              M Hülsmann, Martin Hahn (2000)
              LITERATURE REVIEW AND CASE REPORTS: The literature concerning the aetiology, symptomatology and therapy of complications during root canal irrigation is reviewed. Three cases of inadvertent injection of sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide beyond the root apex are presented. Clinical symptoms are discussed, as well as preventive and therapeutic considerations.
              Article 0 comments Cited 95 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Eur J Dent
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Eur J Dent
                Title: European Journal of Dentistry
                Publisher: Dental Investigations Society
                ISSN (Print): 1305-7456
                ISSN (Electronic): 1305-7464
                Publication date (Print): July 2008
                Volume: 2
                Pages: 198-203
                Affiliations
                [a ] Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
                [b ] Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Dr. Kursat Er, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey. Phone: +90 462 3774735, Fax: +90 462 3253017, E-mail: kursater@ 123456ktu.edu.tr
                Article
                Publisher ID: 0020198
                DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697378
                PMC ID: 2635903
                PubMed ID: 19212547
                SO-VID: e63a0952-b257-415b-bca2-6663c1e75d78
                Copyright © Copyright 2008 European Journal of Dentistry. All rights reserved.
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Original Articles

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: irrigation,ultrasonic,passive,apical extrusion
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: irrigation, ultrasonic, passive, apical extrusion

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