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      Biomaterials derived from hard palate mucosa for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

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          Abstract

          Autologous materials have superior biosafety and are widely used in clinical practice. Due to its excellent trauma-healing ability, the hard palate mucosa (HPM) has become a hot spot for autologous donor area research. Multiple studies have conducted an in-depth analysis of the healing ability of the HPM at the cellular and molecular levels. In addition, the HPM has good maneuverability as a donor area for soft tissue grafts, and researchers have isolated various specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from HPM. Free soft tissue grafts obtained from the HPM have been widely used in the clinic and have played an essential role in dentistry, eyelid reconstruction, and the repair of other specific soft tissue defects. This article reviews the advantages of HPM as a donor area and its related mechanisms, classes of HPM-derived biomaterials, the current status of clinical applications, challenges, and future development directions.

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          Highlights

          • •

            The hard palate mucosa (HPM), holds promise as an ideal donor area for autologous biomaterials.

          • •

            The advantages of HPM as a donor area and its related mechanisms are critically reviewed.

          • •

            The categories and the current clinical applications of HPM-derived biomaterials are particularly presented.

          • •

            The challenges and future directions of HPM-derived biomaterials are discussed.

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          Mesenchymal stem cells: environmentally responsive therapeutics for regenerative medicine

          Matthew B Murphy, Kathryn Moncivais, Arnold I. Caplan (2013)
          Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are partially defined by their ability to differentiate into tissues including bone, cartilage and adipose in vitro, but it is their trophic, paracrine and immunomodulatory functions that may have the greatest therapeutic impact in vivo. Unlike pharmaceutical treatments that deliver a single agent at a specific dose, MSCs are site regulated and secrete bioactive factors and signals at variable concentrations in response to local microenvironmental cues. Significant progress has been made in understanding the biochemical and metabolic mechanisms and feedback associated with MSC response. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory capacity of MSC may be paramount in the restoration of localized or systemic conditions for normal healing and tissue regeneration. Allogeneic MSC treatments, categorized as a drug by regulatory agencies, have been widely pursued, but new studies demonstrate the efficacy of autologous MSC therapies, even for individuals affected by a disease state. Safety and regulatory concerns surrounding allogeneic cell preparations make autologous and minimally manipulated cell therapies an attractive option for many regenerative, anti-inflammatory and autoimmune applications.
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            Advanced drug delivery systems and artificial skin grafts for skin wound healing

            Hye Sung Kim, Xiaoyan Sun, Jung-Hwan Lee … (2018)
            Cutaneous injuries, especially chronic wounds, burns, and skin wound infection, require painstakingly long-term treatment with an immense financial burden to healthcare systems worldwide. However, clinical management of chronic wounds remains unsatisfactory in many cases. Various strategies including growth factor and gene delivery as well as cell therapy have been used to enhance the healing of non-healing wounds. Drug delivery systems across the nano, micro, and macroscales can extend half-life, improve bioavailability, optimize pharmacokinetics, and decrease dosing frequency of drugs and genes. Replacement of the damaged skin tissue with substitutes comprising cell-laden scaffold can also restore the barrier and regulatory functions of skin at the wound site. This review covers comprehensively the advanced treatment strategies to improve the quality of wound healing.
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              Stem cell-based therapy for human diseases

              Duc Hoang, Phuong Pham, Trung Q. Bach … (2022)
              Recent advancements in stem cell technology open a new door for patients suffering from diseases and disorders that have yet to be treated. Stem cell-based therapy, including human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has recently emerged as a key player in regenerative medicine. hPSCs are defined as self-renewable cell types conferring the ability to differentiate into various cellular phenotypes of the human body, including three germ layers. MSCs are multipotent progenitor cells possessing self-renewal ability (limited in vitro) and differentiation potential into mesenchymal lineages, according to the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT). This review provides an update on recent clinical applications using either hPSCs or MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT), or the umbilical cord (UC) for the treatment of human diseases, including neurological disorders, pulmonary dysfunctions, metabolic/endocrine-related diseases, reproductive disorders, skin burns, and cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we discuss our own clinical trial experiences on targeted therapies using MSCs in a clinical setting, and we propose and discuss the MSC tissue origin concept and how MSC origin may contribute to the role of MSCs in downstream applications, with the ultimate objective of facilitating translational research in regenerative medicine into clinical applications. The mechanisms discussed here support the proposed hypothesis that BM-MSCs are potentially good candidates for brain and spinal cord injury treatment, AT-MSCs are potentially good candidates for reproductive disorder treatment and skin regeneration, and UC-MSCs are potentially good candidates for pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Ying Wang
                Guoli Yang
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Mater Today Bio
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Mater Today Bio
                Title: Materials Today Bio
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 2590-0064
                Publication date PMC-release: 05 August 2023
                Publication date Collection: October 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 05 August 2023
                Volume: 22
                Electronic Location Identifier: 100734
                Affiliations
                [1]Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. guo_li1214@ 123456zju.edu.cn
                [∗∗ ]Corresponding author. 7314032@ 123456zju.edu.cn
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S2590-0064(23)00194-1 Publisher ID: 100734
                DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100734
                PMC ID: 10458294
                SO-VID: e9d01c94-fe62-4586-84b1-11554db943d4
                Copyright © © 2023 The Author(s)
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 16 May 2023
                Date revision received : 7 July 2023
                Date accepted : 19 July 2023
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Keywords: autologous biomaterials,hard palate mucosa,tissue engineering,regenerative medicine
                Data availability:
                Keywords: autologous biomaterials, hard palate mucosa, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine

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