How do Parents Manage Irritability, Challenging Behaviour, Non-Compliance and Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders? A Meta-Synthesis

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Abstract

Although there is increasing research interest in the parenting of children with ASD, at present, little is known about everyday strategies used to manage problem behaviour. We conducted a meta-synthesis to explore what strategies parents use to manage irritability, non-compliance, challenging behaviour and anxiety in their children with ASD. Approaches included: (1) accommodating the child; (2) modifying the environment; (3) providing structure, routine and occupation; (4) supervision and monitoring; (5) managing non-compliance with everyday tasks; (6) responding to problem behaviour; (7) managing distress; (8) maintaining safety and (9) analysing and planning. Results suggest complex parenting demands in children with ASD and problem behaviour. Findings will inform the development of a new measure to quantify parenting strategies relevant to ASD.

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Most cited references 104

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Parenting stress in mothers and fathers of toddlers with autism spectrum disorders: associations with child characteristics.

Naomi Ornstein Davis, Alice Carter (2008)

Elevated parenting stress is observed among mothers of older children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but little is known about parents of young newly-diagnosed children. Associations between child behavior and parenting stress were examined in mothers and fathers of 54 toddlers with ASD (mean age = 26.9 months). Parents reported elevated parenting stress. Deficits/delays in children's social relatedness were associated with overall parenting stress, parent-child relationship problems, and distress for mothers and fathers. Regulatory problems were associated with maternal stress, whereas externalizing behaviors were associated with paternal stress. Cognitive functioning, communication deficits, and atypical behaviors were not uniquely associated with parenting stress. Clinical assessment of parental stress, acknowledging differences in parenting experiences for mothers and fathers of young children with ASD, is needed.

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Atypical behaviors in children with autism and children with a history of language impairment.

Kelli Dominick, Naomi Ornstein Davis, Janet E Lainhart … (2015)

The frequency, course, and inter-relationships of atypical eating, sleeping, self-injurious behavior, aggression and temper tantrums in children with autism and children with a history of language impairment (HLI), was investigated using a parent interview that was created to examine these problem behaviors. The relationships between these behaviors and language, IQ, severity of autistic symptoms and depression were also assessed. Atypical eating behavior, abnormal sleep patterns, temper tantrums, and self-injurious behavior were significantly more common in the children with autism than those with HLI. Within the autism group, children who exhibited more atypical behaviors tended to have a lower nonverbal IQ, lower levels of expressive language, more severe social deficits and more repetitive behaviors. No relationship between the number of atypical behaviors and measures of cognitive or language ability was noted in the HLI group. However, having more atypical behaviors was related to increased restricted, repetitive behaviors in children with HLI. The atypical behaviors could be divided into two groups: abnormal eating and sleeping, which were independent and tended to begin early in life; and self-injury, tantrums and aggression, which began later and were inter-related. Sleep abnormalities were more common in children (groups combined) diagnosed with major depression.

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Mindful parenting decreases aggression and increases social behavior in children with developmental disabilities.

Kristen M McAleavey, Giulio Lancioni, Jacqueline Curtis … (2007)

Research shows that after training in the philosophy and practice of mindfulness, parents can mindfully attend to the challenging behaviors of their children with autism. Parents also report an increased satisfaction with their parenting skills and social interactions with their children. These findings were replicated and extended with 4 parents of children who had developmental disabilities, exhibited aggressive behavior, and had limited social skills. After mindfulness training, the parents were able to decrease aggressive behavior and increase their children's social skills. They also reported a greater practice of mindfulness, increased satisfaction with their parenting, more social interactions with their children, and lower parenting stress. Furthermore, the children showed increased positive and decreased negative social interactions with their siblings. We speculate that mindfulness produces transformational change in the parents that is reflected in enhanced positive behavioral transactions with their children.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Elizabeth O’Nions:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-0910

+32 1632 9680 , elizabeth.onions@kcl.ac.uk

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Autism Dev Disord

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Autism Dev Disord

Title: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Publisher: Springer US (New York )

ISSN (Print): 0162-3257

ISSN (Electronic): 1573-3432

Publication date (Electronic): 8 December 2017

Publication date PMC-release: 8 December 2017

Publication date (Print): 2018

Volume: 48

Issue: 4

Pages: 1272-1286

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0668 7884, GRID grid.5596.f, Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, , KU Leuven, ; Leopold Vanderkelenstraat 32, P. O. Box 3765, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0668 7884, GRID grid.5596.f, Leuven Autism Research (LAuRes), , KU Leuven, ; Leuven, Belgium

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2322 6764, GRID grid.13097.3c, MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, , King’s College London, ; London, UK

[4 ]ISNI 0000000121901201, GRID grid.83440.3b, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, , University College London, ; London, UK

[5 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0668 7884, GRID grid.5596.f, Department of Child Psychiatry UPC, , KU Leuven, ; Leuven, Belgium

Author information

Elizabeth O’Nions http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-0910

Article

Publisher ID: 3361

DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3361-4

PMC ID: 5861158

PubMed ID: 29222612

SO-VID: eaa3d30b-832d-4f26-adf4-8b49c6d1d043

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Funding

Funded by: Support Fund Marguerite-Marie Delacroix

Funded by: Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (BE)

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology

Keywords: asd,irritability,non-compliance,challenging behaviour,anxiety,parenting strategies,behaviour management

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology

Keywords: asd, irritability, non-compliance, challenging behaviour, anxiety, parenting strategies, behaviour management

How do Parents Manage Irritability, Challenging Behaviour, Non-Compliance and Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders? A Meta-Synthesis

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Karger: Neurology and Neuroscience

Most cited references 104

Parenting stress in mothers and fathers of toddlers with autism spectrum disorders: associations with child characteristics.

Atypical behaviors in children with autism and children with a history of language impairment.

Mindful parenting decreases aggression and increases social behavior in children with developmental disabilities.

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