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      The social conditions of instrumental action: Problems in the sociological understanding of rational choice theory Translated title: Conditions sociales de l'action instrumentale: Problèmes dans la conception sociologique de la théorie du choix rationnel Translated title: As condições sociais da ação instrumental: Problemas na concepção sociológica da teoria da escolha racional

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          Abstract

          This article critically analyzes new sociological approaches to the rational choice theory which - beyond examining political or economic practices - link the notion of instrumental rationality to social issues and themes. The article begins by highlighting the issue of trust, indicating the functionality of certain social arrangements in collective problem-solving. The paper goes on to demonstrate that problems emerge with the theory when it attempts to explain the feasibility of social norms in impersonal, comprehensive contexts. Thus, the fundamental point that appears to be missing from rational choice theory is the perception that individual decisions and instrumental conduct itself incorporate dispositions that in a sense are beyond the actors' control.

          Translated abstract

          Dans cet article, on fait la critique des nouvelles approches sociologiques de la théorie du choix rationnel lesquelles, au-delà de l'examen des pratiques politiques ou économiques, relient la notion de rationnalité instrumentale à des questions et des thèmes sociaux. On remarque, d'abord, le thème de la confiance, qui montre la fonctionnalité de certains arrangements sociaux dans leur solution des problèmes de l'action collective. On montre, pourtant, que les problèmes de la théorie surgissent lorsqu'on essaie d'expliquer l'applicabilité des normes sociales dans des contextes impersonnels et plus larges. Ainsi, le point fondamental qui semble absent de la théorie sociale du choix rationnel est la perception que les décisions individuelles, ainsi que la conduite instrumentale, assimilent des dispositions qui sont, d'une certaine façon, hors du contrôle des agents.

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          The evolution of cooperation.

          Cooperation in organisms, whether bacteria or primates, has been a difficulty for evolutionary theory since Darwin. On the assumption that interactions between pairs of individuals occur on a probabilistic basis, a model is developed based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game. Deductions from the model, and the results of a computer tournament show how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established. Potential applications include specific aspects of territoriality, mating, and disease.
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            Evolution and the Theory of Games

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              Foundations of Social Theory

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                s_dados
                Dados
                Dados
                Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Políticos (IESP) - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0011-5258
                2008
                : 4
                : se
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Departamento de Sociologia orgdiv2Núcleo de Pesquisa em Sociologia da Cultura
                Article
                S0011-52582008000100001 S0011-5258(08)00400001
                10.1590/S0011-52582008000100001
                f13c9509-4bb0-49a8-b0ee-df0f9fb09584

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : September 2006
                : October 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 0
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                SciELO Brazil


                choix rationnel,individualism,social theory,rational choice,rationnalité,individualisme,théorie sociale,rationality

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