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Abstract
Non-consensual sterilization is one of the characteristic historical abuses that took
place mainly in the first half of the 20th century. People with intellectual disability
(ID) were a prime target as part of the ideology of negative eugenics. In certain
jurisdictions, laws were in force for several decades that permitted sterilization
without the need for consent or with consent from third parties. The long-term adverse
effects on those sterilized against their will have only more recently been recognized.
In the latter half of the 20th century, human rights treaties were introduced and
developed; they have, in the main, curbed sterilization abuses. Courts have developed
more stringent criteria for making decisions on applications for sterilization, and
nowadays there are mostly adequate safeguards in place to protect those with ID from
non-consensual sterilization. The only exception should be the particular case in
which, all medical and social factors having been taken into account, sterilization
is overwhelmingly thought to be the right decision for the individual unable to give
consent.