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      Extended neuromonitoring in aortic arch surgery : A case series Translated title: Erweitertes Neuromonitoring in der Aortenbogenchirurgie : Eine Fallserie

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          Abstract

          Background

          Aortic arch repair for aortic dissection is still associated with a high mortality rate. Providing adequate means of neuromonitoring to guide cerebral hemodynamics is advantageous, especially during selective anterior cerebral perfusion (SACP).

          Objective

          We aimed to investigate an easy multimodal neuromonitoring set-up consisting of processed electroencephalography (EEG), near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and transcranial doppler sonography (TCD).

          Material and methods

          We collected intraoperative data from six patients undergoing surgery for aortic dissection. In addition to standard hemodynamic monitoring, patients underwent continuous bilateral NIRS, processed EEG with bispectral index (BIS), and intermittent transcranial doppler sonography of the medial cerebral artery (MCA) with a standard B‑mode ultrasound device. Doppler measurements were taken bilaterally before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), during CPB, and during SACP at regular intervals.

          Results

          Of the patients four survived without neurological deficits while two suffered fatal outcomes. Of the survivors two suffered from transient postoperative delirium. Multimodal monitoring led to a change in CPB flow or cannula repositioning in three patients. Left-sided mean flow velocities of the MCA decreased during SACP, as did BIS values.

          Conclusion

          Monitoring consisting of BIS, NIRS, and TCD may have an impact on hemodynamic management in aortic arch operations.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version of this paper (10.1007/s00101-021-00983-y) contains a supplementary table showing all intraoperative measurements, which is available to authorized users.

          Article and supplementary material are available at www.springermedizin.de. Please enter the title of the article in the search field, the additional material can be found at the article under “Ergänzende Inhalte”.

          Translated abstract

          Hintergrund

          Operationen am Aortenbogen bei Aortendissektion sind immer noch mit einer hohen Sterblichkeit verbunden. Vorteilhaft wäre hierbei ein adäquates Neuromonitoring zur Steuerung der zerebralen Hämodynamik, insbesondere während der Phase der selektiven Hirnperfusion (SACP).

          Fragestellung

          Wir untersuchten ein einfaches multimodales Neuromonitoring-Setup, bestehend aus Elektroenzephalographie (EEG), Nahinfrarotspektroskopie (NIRS) und transkranieller Dopplersonographie (TCD).

          Material und Methoden

          Sechs Patienten mit Operationen des Aortenbogens aufgrund einer Aortendissektion wurden eingeschlossen. Zusätzlich zum hämodynamischen Standardmonitoring erhielten diese eine kontinuierliche bilaterale NIRS-Ableitung, eine prozessierte EEG mit bispektralem Index (BIS) und eine intermittierende transkranielle Dopplersonographie der A. cerebri media (MCA) mit einem Standard-B-Mode-Ultraschallgerät. Dopplermessungen wurden beidseits in regelmäßigen Intervallen vor und während des kardiopulmonalen Bypasses (CPB) sowie während SACP durchgeführt.

          Ergebnisse

          Vier Patienten überlebten ohne neurologisches Defizit, während zwei verstarben. Zwei der Überlebenden erlitten ein vorübergehendes postoperatives Delir. Multimodales Monitoring resultierte in einer Veränderung des CPB-Flusses oder einer Kanülenrepositionierung bei drei Patienten. Die linksseitige Flussgeschwindigkeiten der MCA wie auch die BIS-Werte waren während SACP geringer.

          Schlussfolgerung

          Ein Monitoring bestehend aus BIS, NIRS und TCD kann das hämodynamische Management während Operationen des Aortenbogens beeinflussen.

          Related collections

          Most cited references25

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          Noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasound recording of flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries.

          In this report the authors describe a noninvasive transcranial method of determining the flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries. Placement of the probe of a range-gated ultrasound Doppler instrument in the temporal area just above the zygomatic arch allowed the velocities in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) to be determined from the Doppler signals. The flow velocities in the proximal anterior (ACA) and posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries were also recorded at steady state and during test compression of the common carotid arteries. An investigation of 50 healthy subjects by this transcranial Doppler method revealed that the velocity in the MCA, ACA, and PCA was 62 +/- 12, 51 +/0 12, and 44 +/- 11 cm/sec, respectively. This method is of particular value for the detection of vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage and for evaluating the cerebral circulation in occlusive disease of the carotid and vertebral arteries.
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            Presentation, Diagnosis, and Outcomes of Acute Aortic Dissection: 17-Year Trends From the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection.

            Diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of acute aortic dissection (AAS) are changing.
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              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Monitoring brain oxygen saturation during coronary bypass surgery: a randomized, prospective study.

              Cerebral deoxygenation is associated with various adverse systemic outcomes. We hypothesized, by using the brain as an index organ, that interventions to improve cerebral oxygenation would have systemic benefits in cardiac surgical patients. Two-hundred coronary artery bypass patients were randomized to either intraoperative cerebral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) monitoring with active display and treatment intervention protocol (intervention, n = 100), or underwent blinded rSO2 monitoring (control, n = 100). Predefined clinical outcomes were assessed by a blinded observer. Significantly more patients in the control group demonstrated prolonged cerebral desaturation (P = 0.014) and longer duration in the intensive care unit (P = 0.029) versus intervention patients. There was no difference in overall incidence of adverse complications, but significantly more control patients had major organ morbidity or mortality (death, ventilation >48 h, stroke, myocardial infarction, return for re-exploration) versus intervention group patients (P = 0.048). Patients experiencing major organ morbidity or mortality had lower baseline and mean rSO2, more cerebral desaturations and longer lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and postoperative hospitalization, than patients without such complications. There was a significant (r(2) = 0.29) inverse correlation between intraoperative rSO2 and duration of postoperative hospitalization in patients requiring > or =10 days postoperative length of stay. Monitoring cerebral rSO2 in coronary artery bypass patients avoids profound cerebral desaturation and is associated with significantly fewer incidences of major organ dysfunction.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                marcus.thudium@ukbonn.de
                Journal
                Anaesthesist
                Anaesthesist
                Der Anaesthesist
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                0003-2417
                1432-055X
                7 June 2021
                7 June 2021
                2021
                : 70
                : Suppl 1
                : 68-73
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.15090.3d, ISNI 0000 0000 8786 803X, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, , University Hospital Bonn, ; Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
                [2 ]GRID grid.13992.30, ISNI 0000 0004 0604 7563, Weizmann Institute of Science, ; Rehovot, Israel
                [3 ]GRID grid.15090.3d, ISNI 0000 0000 8786 803X, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, , University Hospital Bonn, ; Bonn, Germany
                Article
                983
                10.1007/s00101-021-00983-y
                8674163
                34097082
                f4eda426-73dd-463f-8ec5-acc43a5cf7c6
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 3 December 2020
                : 16 March 2021
                : 26 April 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: Universitätsklinikum Bonn (8930)
                Categories
                Kasuistiken
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2021

                aortic dissection,transcranial doppler,nirs,eeg,cerebral perfusion,aortendissektion,transkranieller doppler,hirnperfusion

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