The isochronous substitution effect of 24-hour activity behavior on physical health of college students

Abstract

Objective An isochronous substitution model was established to explore the association and substitution effect between college students’ 24-hour activity behavior and physical health, so as to provide specific activity behavior suggestions for college students to improve their physical health.

Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to conduct physical fitness tests and 24-hour activity behavior surveys among 2 794 college students in 12 colleges and universities in Tianjin.Time spent on sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep (SLP) time. The isochronous method of components was used to explore the relationship between 24 h activity behavior and physical health.

Results Except for 50 m running, MVPA was negatively correlated with BMI- Z (β = −0.62, P<0.05), but positively correlated with other physical fitness indexes (β = 0.34~274.23, P<0.05). LPA was not associated with lung capacity, sitting forward flexion and 50 m running, and negatively correlated with other physical fitness indexes (β = −14.30-−0.19, P<0.05). SB was negatively correlated with most physical fitness indexes (β = −11.57-−0.33, P<0.05), but positively correlated with BMI- Z (β = 0.45, P< 0. 05). In addition to lung capacity, SLP was positively correlated with BMI- Z, total physical fitness score, 1-minute sit-ups, pull-ups, 800/1 000 m running, sitting forward flexion, and 50 m running (β =0.27-11.21, P<0.05), but negatively correlated with long jump (β = −0.10, P<0.05). Isochronous substitution showed that the adverse effects of 30 min/d SB and LPA substitution of MVPA were much greater than the beneficial effects of MVPA substitution for corresponding behaviors (total physical score: SB, −0.58 vs 0.47 points; LPA, −0.50 vs 0.38 points).

Conclusion MVPA and SLP have been found to have a positive effect on physical fitness among college students. Therefore, in the process of improving the physical health of college students, ensuring adequate sleep, improving MVPA and reducing SB as much as possible may be one of the effective methods.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 建立等时替代模型探讨在校大学生24 h活动行为与体质健康的关联及替代效应, 为大学生改善体质健康 水平提供具体的活动行为建议。 方法 于2023年4一5月采用分层随机整群抽样法, 对天津市12所髙校2 794名大学生 进行体质健康测试与24 h活动行为调査, 调査内容为久坐(SB)时间、低强度体力活动(LPA)时间、中髙强度体力活动 (MVPA)时间与睡眠(SLP)时间; 采用成分等时替代方法, 探究24 h活动行为与体质健康的量效关系。 结果 除50 m跑 外, MVPA与BMI- Z呈负相关(β = −0.62), 但与其余体质指标呈正相关(β= 0.34~274.23); LPA与肺活量、坐位体前屈和 50 m跑无相关性, 与其余体质指标呈负相关(β = −14.30~−0.19); SB与多数体质指标呈负相关(β =−11.57~−0.33), 但与 BMI- Z 呈正相关(β = 0.45); 除肺活量外, SLP与BMI- Z、体质总分、1 min 仰卧起坐、引体向上、800/1 000 m 跑、坐位体前屈、50 m 跑均呈正相关(β = 0.27~11.21), 但与跳远呈负相关(β= −0.10)( P 值均<0.05)。成分等时替代显示, 30 min/d的SB 和LPA替代MVPA产生的不利效应均大于MVPA替代相应行为所产生的有益效应(体质总分: SB, −0.58和0.47分; LPA, −0.50和0.38分)。 结论 MVPA 与SLP对大学生体质健康具有积极正向的影响效应。在改善大学生体质健康过程中, 保 证睡眠充足, 尽可能提髙MVPA和降低SB可能是有效方法之一。