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      Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures

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      Science
      American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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          Abstract

          Human activity causes vibrations that propagate into the ground as high-frequency seismic waves. Measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread changes in human activity, leading to a months-long reduction in seismic noise of up to 50%. The 2020 seismic noise quiet period is the longest and most prominent global anthropogenic seismic noise reduction on record. While the reduction is strongest at surface seismometers in populated areas, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth. This provides an opportunity to detect subtle signals from subsurface seismic sources that would have been concealed in noisier times and to benchmark sources of anthropogenic noise. A strong correlation between seismic noise and independent measurements of human mobility suggests that seismology provides an absolute, real-time estimate of population dynamics.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Science
          Science
          American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
          0036-8075
          1095-9203
          July 23 2020
          : eabd2438
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Seismology-Gravimetry, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Avenue circulaire 3, 1180 Brussels, Belgium.
          [2 ]Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
          [3 ]Department of Physics, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
          [4 ]Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK.
          [5 ]Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico.
          [6 ]Swiss Seismological Service, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
          [7 ]Institute of Seismology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
          [8 ]U.S. Geological Survey - Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory, New Mexico, USA.
          [9 ]Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG), Vienna, Austria.
          [10 ]Escuela Centroamericana de Geología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
          [11 ]R&D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, Netherlands.
          [12 ]Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey.
          [13 ]GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany.
          [14 ]Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy.
          [15 ]Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy.
          [16 ]Bensberg Observatory, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
          [17 ]Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre, 38000 Grenoble, France.
          [18 ]Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Costa Rica at Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA), Costa Rica.
          [19 ]Department of Geology & Geophysics, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK.
          [20 ]Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Geophysics Section, 5 Merrion Square, D02 Y006 Dublin, Ireland.
          [21 ]Dept. of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands.
          [22 ]Geosciences Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
          [23 ]Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany.
          [24 ]Institute of Geodynamics, National Observatory of Athens, Greece.
          [25 ]Noise Department, Brussels Environment, Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium.
          [26 ]Observatorio San Calixto, Bolivia.
          [27 ]Seismotech S.A., Athens, Greece.
          [28 ]Hellenic Mediterranean University, Dept. of Environmental & Natural Resources Engineering, Laboratory of Geophysics & Seismology, Chania, Greece.
          [29 ]Norges Geotekniske Institutt, Sognsveien 72, 0855 Oslo, Norway.
          [30 ]Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA.
          [31 ]National Institute for Earth Physics, Calugareni 12, Magurele, Romania.
          [32 ]Réseau National de Surveillance Sismique (RENASS); Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, EOST UMS830, 5 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
          [33 ]Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
          [34 ]School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen's Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK.
          [35 ]Instituto Geofisico del Peru, Lima, Peru.
          [36 ]Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, NJ, USA.
          [37 ]Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Iran.
          [38 ]Weston Observatory, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston College, Weston, MA, USA.
          [39 ]Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
          [40 ]Geophysics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
          [41 ]SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA, USA.
          [42 ]Faculty of Science, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada.
          [43 ]Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
          [44 ]Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT Australia.
          [45 ]Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
          [46 ]GEOTOP Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
          [47 ]University of California, Riverside, USA.
          [48 ]Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
          [49 ]European Center for Geodynamics and Seismology; 19, rue Josy Welter; L-7256 Walferdange, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
          [50 ]National Centre for Earth Observation, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK.
          [51 ]Raytheon BBN Technologies, Arlington, VA, USA.
          [52 ]Université de Paris, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
          [53 ]Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, F-97418 La Plaine des Cafres, France.
          [54 ]School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
          [55 ]Department of Geology, University of Patras, Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece.
          [56 ]Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
          [57 ]Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
          [58 ]Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA.
          [59 ]Laboratori d’Estudis Geofísics Eduard Fontserè, Institut d'Estudis Catalans (LEGEF-IEC), Barcelona, Spain.
          [60 ]Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
          [61 ]Geology Department, Truro School, Trennick Lane, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 1TH, UK.
          [62 ]Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg ; UMR 7516, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS ; 5 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
          [63 ]Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK.
          [64 ]Department of Earth Science and Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
          Article
          10.1126/science.abd2438
          32703907
          f7b655fe-fb43-410a-8d9b-b7ed25a0f04c
          © 2020
          History

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