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      Cone Beam CT Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Septa Prevalence, Height, Location and Morphology in Children and an Adult Population

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          Abstract

          Objective

          The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, height, location and morphology of maxillary sinus septa in dentate, partially dentate and edentulous adults as well as in mixed dentition children using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for maxillary sinus surgical interventions.

          Subjects and Methods

          Five hundred and fifty-four sides in the CBCT scans of 272 patients (30 children and 242 adults) were retrospectively analyzed. The prevalence, location and morphology were assessed in axial, sagittal, cross-sectional and panoramic 3-dimensional images. The height of septa was measured with the angle between the direction of the septum and median palatine suture. The differences among age, localization and measurements were statistically analyzed.

          Results

          The prevalence of maxillary sinus segments with septa was 58%. There were a total of 13 (3.2%) septa of completely edentulous (CE), 198 (53.9%) septa of edentate and 14 (3.8%) septa of the mixed dentition maxillary segments. The location of septa observed in all study groups demonstrated a greater prevalence (69.1%) in the middle region than in the anterior and posterior regions. No statistically significant differences were observed with regard to gender or age, for septum height (p > 0.05). However, maxillary sinus septa are higher in partially edentulous patients than edentate and CE ones (p < 0.05).

          Conclusion

          Septa of various heights and courses developed in all parts of the maxillary sinus, therefore to prevent possible complications during sinus surgery, extensive evaluation with an appropriate radiographic technique was indispensable.

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          Most cited references28

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          Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor with autogenous marrow and bone.

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            Comparative dosimetry of dental CBCT devices and 64-slice CT for oral and maxillofacial radiology.

            This study compares 2 measures of effective dose, E(1990) and E(2007), for 8 dentoalveolar and maxillofacial cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) units and a 64-slice multidetector CT (MDCT) unit. Average tissue-absorbed dose, equivalent dose, and effective dose were calculated using thermoluminescent dosimeter chips in a radiation analog dosimetry phantom. Effective doses were derived using 1990 and the superseding 2007 International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendations. Large-field of view (FOV) CBCT E(2007) ranged from 68 to 1,073 microSv. Medium-FOV CBCT E(2007) ranged from 69 to 560 microSv, whereas a similar-FOV MDCT produced 860 microSv. The E(2007) calculations were 23% to 224% greater than E(1990). The 2007 recommendations of the ICRP, which include salivary glands, extrathoracic region, and oral mucosa in the calculation of effective dose, result in an upward reassessment of fatal cancer risk from oral and maxillofacial radiographic examinations. Dental CBCT can be recommended as a dose-sparing technique in comparison with alternative medical CT scans for common oral and maxillofacial radiographic imaging tasks.
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              A new volumetric CT machine for dental imaging based on the cone-beam technique: preliminary results.

              The objective of this paper is to present a new type of volumetric CT which uses the cone-beam technique instead of traditional fan-beam technique. The machine is dedicated to the dento-maxillo-facial imaging, particularly for planning in the field of implantology. The main characteristics of the unit are presented with reference to the technical parameters as well as the software performance. Images obtained are reported as various 2D sections of a volume reconstruction. Also, measurements of the geometric accuracy and the radiation dose absorbed by the patient are obtained using specific phantoms. Absorbed dose is compared with that given off by spiral CT. Geometric accuracy, evaluated with reference to various reconstruction modalities and different spatial orientations, is 0.8-1% for width measurements and 2.2% for height measurements. Radiation dose absorbed during the scan shows different profiles in central and peripheral axes. As regards the maximum value of the central profile, dose from the new unit is approximately one sixth that of traditional spiral CT. The new system appears to be very promising in dentomaxillo-facial imaging and, due to the good ratio between performance and low cost, together with low radiation dose, very interesting in view of large-scale use of the CT technique in such diagnostic applications.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Med Princ Pract
                Med Princ Pract
                MPP
                Medical Principles and Practice
                S. Karger AG (Allschwilerstrasse 10, P.O. Box · Postfach · Case postale, CH–4009, Basel, Switzerland · Schweiz · Suisse, Phone: +41 61 306 11 11, Fax: +41 61 306 12 34, karger@karger.ch )
                1011-7571
                1423-0151
                December 2012
                24 July 2012
                24 July 2012
                : 22
                : 1
                : 47-53
                Affiliations
                [1] aDepartment of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
                [2] bDepartment of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Mersin, Turkey
                [3] cDepartment of Periodontology, Mersin, Turkey
                [4] dDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
                Author notes
                *Dr. Kaan Orhan, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, TR-06500 Besevler, Ankara (Turkey), Tel. +90 533 866 2520, E-Mail call53@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                mpp-0022-0047
                10.1159/000339849
                5586705
                22832185
                f9ae5719-49a5-4db0-bf9a-a079a1d8a199
                Copyright © 2012 by S. Karger AG, Basel

                This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC) (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Distribution permitted for non-commercial purposes only.

                History
                : 19 March 2012
                : 3 June 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 2, References: 30, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Original Paper

                maxillary sinus septa,cone beam computed tomography,maxillary sinus surgery,dental implants

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