ASSOCIATED FACTORS WITH THE ISOLATED AND SIMULTANEOUS PRESENCE OF
OVERWEIGHT AND ABDOMINAL OBESITY IN ADOLESCENTS

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ABSTRACT

Objective:

To analyze the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with excessive weight (EW), abdominal obesity (AO) and the simultaneous presence of EW and AO in adolescents from Southern Brazil.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study with 583 adolescents (11 to 17 years old) of Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil. EW was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and AO by waist circumference (WC). The independent variables analyzed were gender, age, maternal schooling, balanced diet, physical activity, cigarette use, excessive alcohol use and screen time. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results:

Boys had 58% higher likelihood of having EW (OR 1.58; 95%CI 1.08-2.29; p<0.05). Younger age group (11 to 14 years) was directly associated with higher likelihood of EW (OR 6.07; 95%CI 4.05-9.11; p<0.05). Adolescents whose mothers had higher education had 75% more likelihood of having AO (OR 1.75; 95%CI 1.01-3.00; p<0.05). Higher likelihood for EW and AO (OR 1.84; 95%CI 1.01-3.34; p<0.05) was identified in younger adolescents (11 to 14 years).

Conclusions:

Boys and younger age (11 to 14 years) were associated with a higher likelihood of EW. Adolescents whose mothers studied nine years or more were more likely to have AO. The younger age group (11 to 14 years) was associated with greater chances for the simultaneous presence of EW and AO.

RESUMO

Objetivo:

Analisar os fatores sociodemográficos e do estilo de vida associados ao excesso de peso (EP), à obesidade abdominal (OA) e à presença simultânea de EP e OA em adolescentes do Sul do Brasil.

Métodos:

Estudo transversal de base escolar realizado com 583 adolescentes (11 a 17 anos) da cidade de Criciúma, Santa Catarina. O EP foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e a OA, mediante perímetro da cintura (PC). As variáveis independentes analisadas foram sexo, idade, escolaridade materna, dieta balanceada, atividade física, uso de cigarro, uso de álcool em excesso e tempo de tela. Utilizou-se regressão logística binária para estimar as razões de chances (RC) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%).

Resultados:

Os meninos tiveram 58% de chances a mais de terem EP (RC 1,58; IC95% 1,08-2,29; p<0,05). Menor faixa etária (11 a 14 anos) foi diretamente associada a maiores chances de EP (RC 6,07; IC95% 4,05-9,11; p<0,05). Adolescentes cujas mães tinham maior escolaridade apresentaram 75% de chances a mais de terem OA (RC 1,75; IC95% 1,01-3,00; p<0,05). Maiores chances para a simultaneidade EP e OA (RC 1,84; IC95% 1,01-3,34; p<0,05) foram identificadas nos adolescentes de menor faixa etária (11 a 14 anos).

Conclusões:

Meninos e menor faixa etária (11 a 14 anos) estiveram associados a maiores chances para EP. Os adolescentes cujas mães estudaram nove anos ou mais apresentaram maiores chances de terem OA. Menor faixa etária (11 a 14 anos) esteve associada a maiores chances para a presença simultânea de EP e OA.

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Most cited references 29

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Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.

Marie Ng, Tom Fleming, Margaret W. Robinson … (2015)

In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19,244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m(2) or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3-30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Validation of the Brazilian version of the 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey.

Stefanie Lopes, Dartagnan Guedes (2010)

To validate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) questionnaire. The original version of the 2007 YRBS was translated into Portuguese and back-translated into English. The questionnaire versions were analyzed by a committee of experts. The committee used semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences as criteria of analysis. The final version of the translated 2007 YRBS questionnaire was administered in two occasions, with an interval of two weeks, in a sample of 873 high school students of both sexes, in the city of Londrina, Southern Brazil, to identify the psychometric properties. Test-retest reliability was analyzed by calculating the Kappa index of agreement and prevalence rate of each type of risk behavior when application was repeated. Chi-square test was used to identify statistical differences between the first and second questionnaire applications. After minor changes identified in the translation process, the committee of experts concluded that the Portuguese version of the 2007 YRBS showed semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences. Significant differences between the prevalence rates of both applications were found in 23.4% of items. The identification of 91% of items with moderate-to-substantial Kappa index of agreement and mean value of this index of 68.6% indicated the quality of psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the 2007 YRBS. The translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric qualities of the 2007 YRBS questionnaire were satisfactory, thus enabling its application in epidemiological studies in Brazil.