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      Fatal Rodentborne Leptospirosis in Prison Inmates, South Africa, 2015

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          Abstract

          Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease. In 2015, leptospirosis was diagnosed in 2 prison inmates in South Africa. Using real-time PCR and DNA sequencing, we identified Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae in rodents and water samples within the prison. Leptospirosis might be frequently underdiagnosed in South Africa.

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          Virulence of the zoonotic agent of leptospirosis: still terra incognita?

          Mathieu Picardeau (2017)
          Pathogenic leptospires are the bacterial agents of leptospirosis, which is an emerging zoonotic disease that affects both animals and humans worldwide. In this Review, the recent advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, taxonomy, genomics and the molecular basis of virulence in leptospires, and of how these properties contribute to the pathogenesis of leptospirosis, are discussed.
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            Rapid tests for diagnosis of leptospirosis: current tools and emerging technologies.

            Mathieu Picardeau, Eric Bertherat, Michel Jancloes … (2014)
            Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis with a worldwide distribution but is more commonly found in impoverished populations in developing countries and tropical regions with frequent flooding. The rapid detection of leptospirosis is a critical step to effectively manage the disease and to control outbreaks in both human and animal populations. Therefore, there is a need for accurate and rapid diagnostic tests and appropriate surveillance and alert systems to identify outbreaks. This review describes current in-house methods and commercialized tests for the rapid diagnosis of acute leptospirosis. It focuses on diagnostic tests that can be performed with minimal training and limited equipment in less-developed and newly industrialized countries, particularly in resource-limited settings and with results in minutes to less than 4 hours. We also describe recent technological advances in the field of diagnostic tests that could allow for the development of innovative rapid tests in the near future. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              Mixed Leptospira Infections in a Diverse Reservoir Host Community, Madagascar, 2013–2015

              Mark G. Moseley, Soanandrasana Rahelinirina, Minoarisoa Rajerison … (2018)
              We identified mixed infections of pathogenic Leptospira in small mammals across a landscape-scale study area in Madagascar by using primers targeting different Leptospira spp. Using targeted primers increased prevalence estimates and evidence for transmission between endemic and invasive hosts. Future studies should assess rodentborne transmission of Leptospira to humans.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Emerging Infect. Dis
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EID
                Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
                ISSN (Print): 1080-6040
                ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059
                Publication date (Print): May 2020
                Volume: 26
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 1033-1035
                Affiliations
                [1]National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa (K. Naidoo, K. McCarthy, R. Chingonzoh, G.M. Setshedi, J. Frean, J. Rossouw);
                [2]University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK (M. Moseley);
                [3]Western Cape Government: Health, Cape Town, South Africa (C. Lawrence);
                [4]University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (J. Frean)
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Kovashnee Naidoo, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Private Bag X4, Sandringham, Johannesburg 2131, South Africa; email: kovashneen@ 123456nicd.ac.za
                Article
                Publisher ID: 19-1132
                DOI: 10.3201/eid2605.191132
                PMC ID: 7181914
                PubMed ID: 32310070
                SO-VID: fd808798-7b83-42d2-85fe-e10b64134be5
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Research Letter
                Subject: Research
                Subject: Fatal Rodentborne Leptospirosis in Prison Inmates, South Africa, 2015

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: zoonoses,invasive hosts,molecular epidemiology,public health,outbreak,prison,south africa,rattus norvegicus,bacteria,rats,leptospirosis,leptospira
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: zoonoses, invasive hosts, molecular epidemiology, public health, outbreak, prison, south africa, rattus norvegicus, bacteria, rats, leptospirosis, leptospira

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