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Abstract
Melioidosis was diagnosed in a diabetic sailor who presented with a history and chest
radiograph that suggested tuberculosis. Melioidosis is a tropical disease with protean
manifestations: from asymptomatic infection to chronic cavitary lung disease to overwhelming
sepsis. The diagnosis is easily made, even in nonendemic areas when duly considered
by the clinicians and microbiology laboratory. Ceftazidime has dramatically improved
outcomes in hospitalized patients with severe melioidosis.