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      Chinese Expert Consensus Workshop Report: Guideline for permanent iodine‐125 seed implantation of primary and metastatic lung tumors

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          Abstract

          Surgery remains the first choice of cure for early stage lung cancer. However, many patients are diagnosed at advanced stage, and thus miss the opportunity to undergo surgery. As such patients derive limited benefits from chemotherapy or radiotherapy, alternatives focusing on local control have emerged, including iodine‐125 seed implantation. The Interstitial Brachytherapy Society, Committee of Minimally Invasive Therapy in Oncology, Chinese Anti‐Cancer Association organized a group of multidisciplinary experts to develop guidelines for this treatment modality. These guidelines aim to standardize iodine‐125 seed implantation procedures, inclusion criteria, and outcome assessment to prevent and manage procedure‐related complications.

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          Most cited references35

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          Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer stage I and stage II: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition).

          The surgical treatment of stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to evolve in the areas of intraoperative lymph node staging (specifically the issue of lymph node dissection vs sampling), the role of sublobar resections instead of lobectomy for treatment of smaller tumors, and the use of video-assisted techniques to perform anatomic lobectomy. Adjuvant therapy (both chemotherapy and radiation therapy) and the use of larger fractions of radiotherapy delivered to a smaller area for nonoperative treatment of early stage NSCLC have shown promising results. The panel selected the following areas for review based on clinical relevance and the amount and quality of data available for analysis: surgical approaches to resecting early stage NSCLC, methods of lymph node staging at the time of surgical resection, adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of early stage NSCLC, and the use of radiation therapy for primary treatment of early stage NSCLC as well as in the adjuvant setting. Recommendations by the multidisciplinary writing committee were based on literature review using established methods. Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for stage I and II NSCLC, although surgical methods continue to evolve. Adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage II, but not stage I, NSCLC is well established. Radiotherapy remains an important treatment for either cases of early stage NSCLC that are medically inoperable or patients who refuse surgery.
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            New Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guidelines for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: comparison with original RECIST and impact on assessment of tumor response to targeted therapy.

            The purpose of this article is to compare the recently published revised Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guidelines (version 1.1) to the original guidelines (RECIST 1.0) for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after erlotinib therapy and to evaluate the impact of the new CT tumor measurement guideline on response assessment. Forty-three chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC treated with erlotinib in a single-arm phase 2 multicenter open-label clinical trial were retrospectively studied. CT tumor measurement records using RECIST 1.0 that were generated as part of the prospective clinical trial were reviewed. A second set of CT tumor measurements was generated from the records to meet RECIST 1.1 guidelines. The number of target lesions, best response, and time to progression were compared between RECIST 1.1 and RECIST 1.0. The number of target lesions according to RECIST 1.1 decreased in 22 patients (51%) and did not change in 21 patients (49%) compared with the number according to RECIST 1.0 (p < 0.0001, paired Student's t test). Almost perfect agreement was observed between best responses using RECIST 1.1 and RECIST 1.0 (weighted kappa = 0.905). Two patients with stable disease according to RECIST 1.0 had progressive disease according to RECIST 1.1 criteria because of new lesions found on PET/CT. There was no significant difference in time to progression between RECIST 1.1 and RECIST 1.0 (p = 1.000, sign test). RECIST 1.1 provided almost perfect agreement in response assessment after erlotinib therapy compared with RECIST 1.0. Assessment with PET/CT was a major factor that influenced the difference in best response assessment between RECIST 1.1 and RECIST 1.0.
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              Familial risk for lung cancer.

              Lung cancer, which has a low survival rate, is a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Smoking and air pollution are the major causes of lung cancer; however, numerous studies have demonstrated that genetic factors also contribute to the development of lung cancer. A family history of lung cancer increases the risk for the disease in both smokers and never-smokers. This review focuses on familial lung cancer, in particular on the familial aggregation of lung cancer. The development of familial lung cancer involves shared environmental and genetic factors among family members. Familial lung cancer represents a good model for investigating the association between environmental and genetic factors, as well as for identifying susceptibility genes for lung cancer. In addition, studies on familial lung cancer may help to elucidate the etiology and mechanism of lung cancer, and may identify novel biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis, targeted therapy and improved prevention strategies. This review presents the aetiology and molecular biology of lung cancer and then systematically introduces and discusses several aspects of familial lung cancer, including the characteristics of familial lung cancer, population-based studies on familial lung cancer and the genetics of familial lung cancer.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                lyl.pro@sdu.edu.cn
                Journal
                Thorac Cancer
                Thorac Cancer
                10.1111/(ISSN)1759-7714
                TCA
                Thoracic Cancer
                John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd (Melbourne )
                1759-7706
                1759-7714
                06 December 2018
                February 2019
                : 10
                : 2 ( doiID: 10.1111/tca.2019.10.issue-2 )
                : 388-394
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Imaging and Interventional Center Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
                [ 2 ] Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Centre Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China
                [ 3 ] Department of Radiology Southeast University, Zhongda Hospital Nanjing China
                [ 4 ] Department of Interventional Medicine The Second Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
                [ 5 ] Interventional Oncology Institute of Shandong University Jinan China
                [ 6 ] Department of Interventional Medicine The First Hospital Affiliated to AMU (Southeast Hospital) Chongqing China
                [ 7 ] Department of Thoracic Surgery The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
                [ 8 ] Department of Thoracic Surgery Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Xi'an China
                [ 9 ] Department of Oncology Hebei General Hospital Shijiazhuang China
                [ 10 ] Department of Oncology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
                [ 11 ] Department of Thoracic Surgery The Second Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
                [ 12 ] Department of Respiration Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
                [ 13 ] Department of Oncology The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University Dalian China
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Yuliang Li, Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250033, China.

                Tel: +86 531 8587 5462

                Fax: +86 531 8587 5462

                Email: lyl.pro@ 123456sdu.edu.cn

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0634-7035
                Article
                TCA12912
                10.1111/1759-7714.12912
                6360234
                30521144
                002098cc-7d53-4e0c-9247-32843a86447e
                © 2018 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

                History
                : 10 October 2018
                : 11 October 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 1, Pages: 7, Words: 4228
                Funding
                Funded by: National Nature Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 61671276
                Funded by: Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province
                Award ID: ZR2014HM050
                Award ID: ZR2018PH032
                Award ID: ZR2018PH033
                Categories
                Clinical Guideline
                Clinical Guideline
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                tca12912
                February 2019
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:5.5.8 mode:remove_FC converted:04.02.2019

                guideline,implantation,iodine‐125,lung malignancy
                guideline, implantation, iodine‐125, lung malignancy

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