15
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Calidad higiénica y sanitaria de leche cruda acopiada en diferentes regiones colombianas Translated title: The hygienic and sanitary quality of raw milk collected fromdifferent regions in Colombia Translated title: Qualidade higiênica e sanitária do leite cru coletado em diferentes regiões da Colômbia

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Se analizaron los resultados de pruebas para calidad higiénica y sanitaria de 705.210.165 litros de leche cruda acopiados por una empresa de lácteos colombiana durante 2010. Esta fue enviada desde 3.939 tanques de enfriamiento a 11 plantas de acopio localizadas en Antioquia, Sabana de Bogotá, Magdalena Medio, Viejo Caldas y Costa Atlántica. Mediante un ANAVA no paramétrico de Kruskal Wallis se encontraron diferencias significativas entre plantas (P<0.01) para los promedios de Recuento de Células Somáticas/ml (RCS) y Unidades Formadoras de Colonia/ml (UFC). Las plantas con menores promedios de recuentos de UFC/ml fueron Funza (19.000), Armenia (63.000) y San Pedro (68.000). Los menores RCS/ml se encontraron en Puerto Boyacá (354.000), Funza (364.000) y Planeta Rica (373.000). El 93.90% y 84.49% de la leche muestreada supera los estándares de calidad en recuentos de UFC para las legislaciones nacionales e internacionales, respectivamente. Para el estándar internacional de RCS, el 39.54% de la leche muestreada presentó cumplimiento. No hubo variaciones significativas en los valores de UFC y RCS por efecto de la época del año y se encontró bajo nivel de asociación entre los valores de ambos parámetros (r2= 0.43). El conocimiento de las falencias de calidad en cada cuenca lechera permitirá direccionar eficientemente los programas de extensión y mejoramiento de la calidad de la leche en las fincas según sus necesidades particulares.

          Translated abstract

          The results of hygienic and sanitary quality tests on 705,210,165 litres of raw milk collected by a Colombian dairy company in 2010 were analysed. This milk was sent from 3,939 cooling tanks in11 storage centreson the savannah around Bogotá, the Middle Magdalena Valley, the Viejo Caldas region, the Antioquia department and on the Atlantic coast. Significant differences (p<0.01) were found between plants for average colony forming units (CFU) and somatic cell count(SCC)using non parametric Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The Funza (19,000), Armenia (63,000) and San Pedro (68,000) storage centres had lower average CFU/ml counts whilst the Puerto Boyaca (354,000), Funza (364,000) and Planeta Rica centres (373,000)had lower SCC/ml. 93.90% of the milk samples exceeded national CFU count standards and 84.49% of them the pertinent international standards. 39.54% of the milk sampled complied with Regulated Control Scheme (RCS) international standards. No significant differences were found in CFU and SCC values due to the time of year and a low level of association was found between the values for both parameters (r2=0.43). Ascertaining limitations regarding milk quality standards /failure to comply with the min each Colombian dairy region will help to orientate further education programmes for farmers according to their particular needs and thereby lead to improving Colombian milk quality.

          Translated abstract

          Foram analisados os resultados dos testes de qualidade higiênico-sanitária de 705.210.165 litros de leite cru coletado por uma empresa de laticínios da Colômbia em 2010. Este leite foi enviada de 3939 tanques de resfriamento de 11 instalaçöes de armazenamento localizado no Sabana de Bogotá, Magdalena Medio, Viejo Caldas, Antioquia e Costa Atlântica. Diferenças significativas (P<0.01) para a média do UFC e CCS entre plantas usando uma ANOVA não paramétrico Kruskal Wallis. Plantas com menores médias de contagens de UFC/ml foram Funza (19.000), Armenia (63.000) e San Pedro (68.000). Menores CCS/ml foram encontrados em Puerto Boyacá (354.000), Funza (364.000) e Planeta Rica (373.000). Os 93.90% e 84.49% das amostras de leite exceder os padröes de qualidade da contagem de UFC por nacionais e internacionais, respectivamente. Para o padrão de CCS internacional, a adesão foi 39,54% do leite da amostra. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas no UFC e CCS valores devidos à época do ano (P=0.995 e 0.996, respectivamente) e encontrou baixo nível de associação entre os valores dos dois parâmetros (r2 = 0.431). O conhecimento das falhas de qualidade em cada bacia leiteira vai abordar efetivamente o alcance e melhorar a qualidade do leite nas fazendas de acordo com suas necessidades.

          Related collections

          Most cited references44

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Influence of raw milk quality on fluid milk shelf life.

          Pasteurized fluid milk shelf life is influenced by raw milk quality. The microbial count and somatic cell count (SCC) determine the load of heat-resistant enzymes in milk. Generally, high levels of psychrotrophic bacteria in raw milk are required to contribute sufficient quantities of heat-stable proteases and lipases to cause breakdown of protein and fat after pasteurization. Sanitation, refrigeration, and the addition of CO2 to milk are used to control both total and psychrotrophic bacteria count. It is not uncommon for total bacterial counts of raw milk to be 200,000 cell/mL are usually due to the contribution of high SCC milk from a small number of cows in the herd. Technology to identify these cows and keep their milk out of the bulk tank could substantially increase the value of the remaining milk for use in fluid milk processing. To achieve a 60- to 90-d shelf life of refrigerated fluid milk, fluid processors and dairy farmers need to work together to structure economic incentives that allow farmers to produce milk with the SCC needed for extended refrigerated shelf life.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Effects of somatic cell count on quality and shelf-life of pasteurized fluid milk.

            Milk was collected from eight Holstein cows four times before and four times after intramammary infection with Streptococcus agalactiae. Postinfection milk had significantly higher somatic cell count (SCC) (849,000 cells/ml) than preinfection milk (45,000 cells/ml). High SCC raw milk had more lipolysis and proteolysis than low SCC raw milk. Pasteurized, homogenized, 2% fat milks from pre- and postinfection periods were stored at 5 degrees C and analyzed for lipolysis, proteolysis, microbial quality, and sensory attributes at 1, 7, 14, and 21 d post processing. During refrigerated storage, the average rates of free fatty acid increase (i.e., lipolysis) and casein hydrolysis in high SCC milk were, respectively, three and two times faster than those in low SCC milk. In general, standard plate counts, coliform counts, and psychrotrophic bacterial counts of both the high and low SCC milks remained low (<100,000 cfu/ ml) during 5 degrees C storage. Low SCC milk maintained high organoleptic quality for the entire 21-d shelf-life period. However, for high SCC milk, between 14 and 21 d, sensory defects were detected, which resulted in low overall quality ratings. The sensory defects mainly included rancidity and bitterness and were consistent with higher levels of lipolysis and proteolysis. Hence, mastitis adversely affected the quality of pasteurized fluid milk. It is recommended that the fluid milk industry consider implementation of premium quality payment programs for low SCC milks.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              A survey of foodborne pathogens in bulk tank milk and raw milk consumption among farm families in pennsylvania.

              A 2-part study was conducted to determine the risk of exposure to human pathogens from raw milk. The first part of the study focused on determining raw milk consumption habits of dairy producers. A total of 248 dairy producers from 16 counties in Pennsylvania were surveyed. Overall, 105 (42.3%) of the 248 dairy producers consumed raw milk and 170 (68.5%) of the 248 dairy producers were aware of foodborne pathogens in raw milk. Dairy producers who were not aware of foodborne pathogens in raw milk were 2-fold more likely to consume raw milk compared with dairy producers who were aware of foodborne pathogens. The majority of dairy producers who consumed raw milk indicated that taste (72%) and convenience (60%) were the primary factors for consuming raw milk. Dairy producers who resided on the dairy farm were nearly 3-fold more likely to consume raw milk compared with those who lived elsewhere. In the second part of the study, bulk tank milk from the 248 participating dairy herds was examined for foodborne pathogens. Campylobacter jejuni (2%), Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (2.4%), Listeria monocytogenes (2.8%), Salmonella (6%), and Yersinia enterocolitica (1.2%) were detected in the milk samples. Salmonella isolates were identified as S. enterica serotype Typhimurium (n = 10) and S. enterica serotype Newport (n = 5). Of the 248 bulk tank milk samples, 32 (13%) contained > or = 1 species of bacterial pathogens. The findings of the study could assist in developing farm community-based educational programs on the risks of consuming raw milk.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                rori
                ORINOQUIA
                Orinoquia
                Instituto de Investigaciones de la Orinoquia Colombiana (Meta, Villavicencio, Colombia )
                0121-3709
                December 2012
                : 16
                : 2
                : 13-23
                Affiliations
                [01] Medellín orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Colombia
                [02] orgnameUniversidad Pontificia Bolivariana jufevaca@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S0121-37092012000200002 S0121-3709(12)01600202
                002435b3-5798-42da-b1d6-f5e1cfae2740

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 August 2012
                : 29 December 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Ciencias Agrarias

                unidades formadoras de colônias,mastite,contagem de células somáticas,a porcentagem de adesão,a laite regulação,somatic cell count,milk regulation,mastitis,compliance percentage,unit,colony forming,unidades formadoras de colonia,recuento de células somáticas,normatividad

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                Similar content614

                Cited by6

                Most referenced authors198