The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of roughening the denture base surface on the tensile and shear bond strengths of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) resilient lining material (Molloplast-B) bonded to a heat-cured acrylic resin denture base material. These measured bond strengths were compared to those obtained by packing the soft lining material against poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base acrylic resin dough. Three groups of 10 specimens each were constructed for both tensile and shear tests. In the first group, Molloplast-B was packed against cured PMMA denture base surface. In the second group, Molloplast-B was packed against cured PMMA denture base whose surface had been roughened with an acrylic bur. In a third group, Molloplast-B was packed against PMMA denture base acrylic resin dough. Molloplast-B exhibited significantly higher tensile and shear bond strengths when packed against acrylic resin dough. Roughening the denture base surface prior to the application of Molloplast-B had a statistically significant weakening effect on tensile bond strength compared with the smooth surface and the acrylic resin dough. For the shear bond strength, roughening the surface produced a nonsignificant increase compared with the smooth surface, but the bond was weaker than when packed against acrylic resin dough. Significant differences in tensile and shear bond strength were recorded between the three methods used to bond Molloplast-B to denture base material.