Stabilizing Li 1.3Al 0.3Ti 1.7(PO 4) 3|Li Metal Anode Interface in Solid‐State Batteries by Kevlar Aramid Nanofiber‐Based Protective Coating

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Abstract

Li _1.3Al _0.3Ti _1.7(PO ₄) ₃ (LATP) solid‐state electrolyte has garnered considerable interest owing to its competitive room‐temperature Li‐ion conductivity, air stability, and economic nature. Nevertheless, the successful implementation of LATP in next‐generation Li‐metal solid‐state batteries (SSBs) is impeded by its high incompatibility with Li metal. Herein, combining the Kevlar aramid nanofiber (KANF) membrane with a solidified electrolyte (SE) formed via in situ polymerization, the SE@KANF protective layer for LATP can be constructed. Such a protective layer not only effectively prevents Li metal from reducing LATP but also provides intimate interface contact and limits unnecessary electron transport. Consequently, Li symmetric battery incorporating SE@KANF layer enables an ultrahigh critical current density of 1.4 mA cm ⁻² and stably cycles for over 2000 h at 0.2 mA cm ⁻². Moreover, the full SSB coupling with LiFePO ₄ cathode delivers a capacity retention of 95% after 180 cycles at 0.1 C at 30 °C. The present study underscores the importance of the protective interface layer in stabilizing the LATP|Li interface.

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Toward Safe Lithium Metal Anode in Rechargeable Batteries: A Review.

Xin‐Bing Cheng, Rui Zhang, Chen‐Zi Zhao … (2017)

The lithium metal battery is strongly considered to be one of the most promising candidates for high-energy-density energy storage devices in our modern and technology-based society. However, uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth induces poor cycling efficiency and severe safety concerns, dragging lithium metal batteries out of practical applications. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the lithium metal anode and its dendritic lithium growth. First, the working principles and technical challenges of a lithium metal anode are underscored. Specific attention is paid to the mechanistic understandings and quantitative models for solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, lithium dendrite nucleation, and growth. On the basis of previous theoretical understanding and analysis, recently proposed strategies to suppress dendrite growth of lithium metal anode and some other metal anodes are reviewed. A section dedicated to the potential of full-cell lithium metal batteries for practical applications is included. A general conclusion and a perspective on the current limitations and recommended future research directions of lithium metal batteries are presented. The review concludes with an attempt at summarizing the theoretical and experimental achievements in lithium metal anodes and endeavors to realize the practical applications of lithium metal batteries.