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      Tasas específicas de mortalidad en el hospital de Algeciras durante el período 1995-1996 Translated title: Specific mortality rates in Algeciras hospital over the period 1995-1996

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          Abstract

          FUNDAMENTO: La mortalidad intrahospitalaria ha sido propuesta como un indicador de calidad asistencial. Así mismo, es un hecho que debe ser utilizado para la vigilancia epidemiológica y la planificación sanitaria. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la mortalidad del Hospital de Algeciras del Servicio Andaluz de Salud. MÉTODOS: Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo de los enfermos dados de alta entre enero de 1995 y diciembre de 1996, utilizando como fuente de información el informe clínico de alta y/o la historia clínica. Se utilizó la estructura del informe conjunto mínimo básico de datos al alta hospitalaria (CMBD). Los episodios de hospitalización fueron agrupados en los grupos relacionados con el diagnóstico (GRD). Tras un primer análisis de todos los episodios de hospitalización, se analizaron los episodios de alta de los enfermos menores de 80 años, estableciendo el riesgo de fallecer en el hospital en función del motivo de ingreso. RESULTADOS: En el Hospital de Algeciras hubo entre enero de 1995 y diciembre de 1996 un total de 24.194 episodios de hospitalización, tasa de mortalidad del 4.1%. Se observó una mayor tasa de mortalidad en el sexo masculino (5.3%) frente al femenino (3.2%), (P<0.01). En los pacientes menores de 80 años se han producido 750 muertes intrahospitalarias y continúa el exceso de mortalidad en el sexo masculino. Las causas más frecuentes de las defunciones en este grupo de edad son: 66 muertes por enfermedad cerebro-vascular (probabilidad de morir este grupo de edad si han ingresado por enfermedad cerebro-vascular IC 95% 0.12-0.19), 58 muertes por Sida (IC95% 0.09-0.15), 51 por neoplasias de bronquios y pulmón (IC95 0.18-0.30), 49 éxitus por infarto agudo de miocardio (IC95% 0.12-0.21), 39 por enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (IC95% 0.07-0.14).. CONCLUSIONES: Se confirma la numerosa información suministrada por las estadísticas de mortalidad hospitalaria, especialmente si se tienen en cuenta la edad y patología de los pacientes atendidos, manifestando la necesidad de adoptar en el área de influencia del hospital de Algeciras políticas sanitarias en relación a la prevención del VIH/SIDA, enfermedad cerebro-vascular, cáncer de pulmón y cardiopatía isquémica. Así mismo, se considera la necesidad de monitorizar y de elaborar nuevos indicadores de mortalidad hospitalaria y ampliar la relación de causas de muerte innecesariamente prematura y sanitariamente evitable de causa estrictamente hospitalaria.

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND: In-hospital mortality has been proposed as an indicator of health care quality. It is also a fact that should be used for epidemiological monitoring and health planning. The aim of this work is to analyse the mortality in Algeciras Hospital, belonging to the Andalusia Health Authority. METHODS: A descriptive study was carried out of the patients discharged from hospital between January 1995 and December 1996, using discharge data and/or their medical record. The structure of the joint basic minimum data report on hospital discharge was used. The periods of hospitalisation were grouped into the diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). Following an initial analysis of all the periods of hospitalisation, the discharges of patients under 80 years of age were analysed and the risk of death in hospital in line with the reason for admission was set. RESULTS: In Algeciras Hospital between January 1995 and December 1996 a total of 24.194 episodes of hospitalisation and a 4.1% death rate were recorded. A higher death rate was observed for males (5.3%), as opposed to females (3.2%). (P<0.01). There were 750 in-hospital deaths in patients under 80 years of age, with a continued higher mortality rate for males. The most frequent causes of deaths in this age group are: 66 deaths caused by cerebro-vascular disease (the probability of dying in this age group if the patients were admitted to hospital because of cerebro-vascular disease IC95% 0.12-0.19), 58 deaths due to AIDS (IC95% 0.09-0.15), 51% due to bronchial and lung neoplasias (IC95% 0.18-0.30), 49 deaths from acute myocardial infarction (IC95% 0.12-0.21), 39% as a result of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (IC95% 0.07-0.14). CONCLUSIONS: The abundant information supplied by hospital mortality statistics is confirmed, especially if the age and illness of the patients involved is taken into account. There is an evident need for health policies to prevent HIV/AIDS, cerebro-vascular disease, lung cancer and ischaemic heart disease to be adopted in the Algeciras catchment area. Thus, there is a need to monitor and draw up new indicators of hospital mortality and to expand the list of unnecessarily premature and avoidable deaths with strictly hospital causes.

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          Identifying complications of care using administrative data.

          The Complications Screening Program (CSP) is a method using standard hospital discharge abstract data to identify 27 potentially preventable in-hospital complications, such as post-operative pneumonia, hemorrhage, medication incidents, and wound infection. The CSP was applied to over 1.9 million adult medical/surgical cases using 1988 California discharge abstract data. Cases with complications were significantly older and more likely to die, and they had much higher average total charges and lengths of stay than other cases (P < 0.0001). For most case types, 13 chronic conditions, defined using diagnosis codes, increased the relative risks of having a complication after adjusting for patient age. Cases at larger hospitals and teaching facilities generally had higher complication rates. Logistic regression models to predict complications using demographic, administrative, clinical, and hospital characteristics variables, had modest power (C statistics = 0.64 to 0.70). The CSP requires further evaluation before using it for purposes other than research.
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            Hospital characteristics associated with adverse events and substandard care.

            To explore the epidemiology of adverse events (AEs), which were defined as injuries due to medical treatment, and that subset of AEs caused by negligence, we studied interhospital variation in these outcomes in a sample of 31,000 medical records drawn from a random selection of 51 hospitals in New York in 1984. We found a substantial variation in both AE rates (0.2% to 7.9%; mean, 3.2%) and the percentage of AEs due to negligence (1% to 60%; mean, 24.9%) among hospitals. Univariate analyses of AEs revealed that primary teaching institutions had significantly higher rates (4.1%) and rural hospitals had significantly lower ones (1.0%). The percentage of AEs due to negligence was lower in primary teaching (10.7%) and for-profit (9.5%) hospitals and was significantly higher in hospitals with predominantly (greater than 80%) minority patients who had been discharged (37%). These findings were corroborated by multivariate analysis. Our results suggest that AEs and negligence are not randomly distributed and that certain types of hospitals have significantly higher rates of injuries due to substandard care. These observations may represent an important improvement on existing measures of quality because they take into account the fact that some hospitals' populations may be at risk of suffering a poor outcome.
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              Modeling the Severity of Illness of ICU Patients

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                resp
                Revista Española de Salud Pública
                Rev. Esp. Salud Publica
                Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar social (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1135-5727
                2173-9110
                May 1997
                : 71
                : 3
                : 303-315
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameHospital del S.A.S. de Algeciras orgdiv1 Unidad Documentación Clínica
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Cádiz orgdiv1 Área Medicina Preventiva
                [03] orgnameHospital Costa del Sol. Marbella orgdiv1 Unidad de Investigación y Area de Cuidados Críticos
                Article
                S1135-57271997000300009 S1135-5727(97)07100300009
                10.1590/S1135-57271997000300009
                0a8a72d4-1b69-40ef-bc14-8bb75b9162e8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

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                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 48, Pages: 13
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                SciELO Public Health

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                Garantía de calidad,Statistics,Mortalidad intrahospitalaria,Sistemas de información sanitaria,Gestión hospitalaria,Estadísticas,In-hospital mortality,Quality assurance,Health Information Systems,Hospital management

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