Awareness of Obstetric and Delivery Complications Among Saudi Pregnant Women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Abstract

Introduction: The birth of a newborn is often celebrated with delight and excitement around the world. However, maternal mortality remains a great concern, and the majority of these deaths could have been prevented. This study aims to assess the awareness of obstetric and delivery complications among pregnant women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 385 pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Riyadh. The participants were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire that included sociodemographic and obstetric data, as well as 16 questions to measure awareness of danger signs during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period, and knowledge of Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPCR).

Results: Among the 385 pregnant women, only 45.5% were aware of associated complications during pregnancy, 18.4% during labor, and 30.6% during the postpartum period. Although 82% of the women had heard about BPCR previously, only 53% took action toward it. Certain factors, such as age, level of education, having a medical condition, and the number of antenatal care clinic visits, were associated with an increased level of awareness.

Conclusion: The study highlights a lack of awareness regarding obstetric and delivery complications among Saudi pregnant women. Therefore, dedicated education by a healthcare provider during prenatal visits is recommended to increase knowledge and avoid future obstetric complications.

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Most cited references 28

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Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis.

Lale Say, Doris Chou, Alison Gemmill … (2014)

Data for the causes of maternal deaths are needed to inform policies to improve maternal health. We developed and analysed global, regional, and subregional estimates of the causes of maternal death during 2003-09, with a novel method, updating the previous WHO systematic review. We searched specialised and general bibliographic databases for articles published between between Jan 1, 2003, and Dec 31, 2012, for research data, with no language restrictions, and the WHO mortality database for vital registration data. On the basis of prespecified inclusion criteria, we analysed causes of maternal death from datasets. We aggregated country level estimates to report estimates of causes of death by Millennium Development Goal regions and worldwide, for main and subcauses of death categories with a Bayesian hierarchical model. We identified 23 eligible studies (published 2003-12). We included 417 datasets from 115 countries comprising 60 799 deaths in the analysis. About 73% (1 771 000 of 2 443 000) of all maternal deaths between 2003 and 2009 were due to direct obstetric causes and deaths due to indirect causes accounted for 27·5% (672 000, 95% UI 19·7-37·5) of all deaths. Haemorrhage accounted for 27·1% (661 000, 19·9-36·2), hypertensive disorders 14·0% (343 000, 11·1-17·4), and sepsis 10·7% (261 000, 5·9-18·6) of maternal deaths. The rest of deaths were due to abortion (7·9% [193 000], 4·7-13·2), embolism (3·2% [78 000], 1·8-5·5), and all other direct causes of death (9·6% [235 000], 6·5-14·3). Regional estimates varied substantially. Between 2003 and 2009, haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and sepsis were responsible for more than half of maternal deaths worldwide. More than a quarter of deaths were attributable to indirect causes. These analyses should inform the prioritisation of health policies, programmes, and funding to reduce maternal deaths at regional and global levels. Further efforts are needed to improve the availability and quality of data related to maternal mortality. © 2014 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier. This is an Open Access article published without any waiver of WHO's privileges and immunities under international law, convention, or agreement. This article should not be reproduced for use in association with the promotion of commercial products, services, or any legal entity. There should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organisation or products. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. This notice should be preserved along with the article's original URL.

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Knowledge of obstetric danger signs and birth preparedness practices among women in rural Uganda

Jerome K. Kabakyenga, Per-Olof Östergren, Eleanor Turyakira … (2011)

Background Improving knowledge of obstetric danger signs and promoting birth preparedness practices are strategies aimed at enhancing utilization of skilled care in low-income countries. The aim of the study was to explore the association between knowledge of obstetric danger signs and birth preparedness among recently delivered women in south-western Uganda. Methods The study included 764 recently delivered women from 112 villages in Mbarara district. Community survey methods were used and 764 recently delivered women from 112 villages in Mbarara district were included in study. Interviewer administered questionnaire were used to collect data. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between knowledge of key danger signs and birth preparedness. Results Fifty two percent of women knew at least one key danger sign during pregnancy, 72% during delivery and 72% during postpartum. Only 19% had knowledge of 3 or more key danger signs during the three periods. Of the four birth preparedness practices; 91% had saved money, 71% had bought birth materials, 61% identified a health professional and 61% identified means of transport. Overall 35% of the respondents were birth prepared. The relationship between knowledge of at least one key danger sign during pregnancy or during postpartum and birth preparedness showed statistical significance which persisted after adjusting for probable confounders (OR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.6) and (OR 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.0) respectively. Young age and high levels of education had synergistic effect on the relationship between knowledge and birth preparedness. The associations between knowledge of at least one key danger sign during childbirth or knowledge that prolonged labour was a key danger sign and birth preparedness were not statistically significant. Conclusions The prevalence of recently delivered women who had knowledge of key danger signs or those who were birth prepared was very low. Since the majority of women attend antenatal care sessions, the quality and methods of delivery of antenatal care education require review so as to improve its effectiveness. Universal primary and secondary education programmes ought to be promoted so as to enhance the impact of knowledge of key danger signs on birth preparedness practices.

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Rural Tanzanian women's awareness of danger signs of obstetric complications

Andrea Pembe, David Urassa, Anders Carlstedt … (2009)

Background Awareness of the danger signs of obstetric complications is the essential first step in accepting appropriate and timely referral to obstetric and newborn care. The objectives of this study were to assess women's awareness of danger signs of obstetric complications and to identify associated factors in a rural district in Tanzania. Methods A total of 1118 women who had been pregnant in the past two years were interviewed. A list of medically recognized potentially life threatening obstetric signs was obtained from the responses given. Chi- square test was used to determine associations between categorical variables and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with awareness of obstetric danger signs. Results More than 98% of the women attended antenatal care at least once. Half of the women knew at least one obstetric danger sign. The percentage of women who knew at least one danger sign during pregnancy was 26%, during delivery 23% and after delivery 40%. Few women knew three or more danger signs. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis having secondary education or more increased the likelihood of awareness of obstetric danger signs six-fold (OR = 5.8; 95% CI: 1.8–19) in comparison with no education at all. The likelihood to have more awareness increased significantly by increasing age of the mother, number of deliveries, number of antenatal visits, whether the delivery took place at a health institution and whether the mother was informed of having a risks/complications during antenatal care. Conclusion Women had low awareness of danger signs of obstetric complications. We recommend the following in order to increase awareness of danger signs of obstetrical complications: to improve quality of counseling and involving other family members in antenatal and postnatal care, to use radio messages and educational sessions targeting the whole community and to intensify provision of formal education as emphasized in the second millennium development goal.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cureus

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cureus

Journal ID (issn): 2168-8184

Title: Cureus

Publisher: Cureus (Palo Alto (CA) )

ISSN (Electronic): 2168-8184

Publication date (Electronic, pub): 29 May 2023

Publication date (Electronic, collection): May 2023

Volume: 15

Issue: 5

Electronic Location Identifier: e39630

Affiliations

[1 ] College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU

[2 ] Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh, SAU

[3 ] College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh, SAU

[4 ] College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabia Gulf University, Manama, BHR

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Joud Sami M. Maki joudmakki2000@ 123456gmail.com

Article

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39630

PMC ID: 10305497

SO-VID: 0f3491ca-d7cc-4b18-ae3f-c5a25cd91364

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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Date accepted : 29 May 2023

Awareness of Obstetric and Delivery Complications Among Saudi Pregnant Women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Most cited references 28

Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis.

Knowledge of obstetric danger signs and birth preparedness practices among women in rural Uganda

Rural Tanzanian women's awareness of danger signs of obstetric complications

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