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      Síndrome de Burnout nos profissionais de saúde: atualização sobre definições, fatores de risco e estratégias de prevenção Translated title: Burnout syndrome in healthcare professionals: update on definitions, risk factors and preventive measures

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          Abstract

          A síndrome de Burnout (SB) é uma resposta prolongada a estressores interpessoais crônicos no trabalho, caracterizada por três dimensões interdependentes: exaustão emocional, despersonalização e redução do sentimento de realização pessoal. Há uma propensão dos profissionais de saúde em desenvolvê-la, sendo frequentemente identificada em médicos de diferentes especialidades (25 a 60%), médicos residentes (7 a 76%) e enfermeiros (10 a 70%). O presente artigo revisa as principais definições, sintomas e critérios diagnósticos da SB, expondo as divergências existentes na literatura. Revisa as consequências e fatores de risco da SB nos profissionais de saúde que atuam em hospitais, descrevendo o papel do ambiente hospitalar e das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva no desencadeamento da síndrome e destacando a autoestima como um dos principais fatores individuais envolvidos. Por fim, discute as potenciais intervenções para prevenir a SB.

          Translated abstract

          The burnout syndrome (BOS) is a response to chronic stressors at work, characterized by three interdependent dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduction of the feeling of personal accomplishment. There is a tendency of health professionals to develop the syndrome, being frequently identified in physicians of different specialties(25 to 67%), resident physicians (7 to 76%) and nurses (10 to 70%). This article reviews the main definition, symptoms, and diagnostic criteria of BOS, exposing the divergences in the literature. It reviews the consequences and risk factors of BOS in health professionals working in hospitals, describing the role of the hospital setting and Intensive Care Units in the onset of the syndrome and highlighting self-esteem as one of the main individual factors involved. Finally, it discusses potential interventions to prevent BOS.

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          Burnout and self-reported patient care in an internal medicine residency program.

          Burnout is a syndrome of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and a sense of low personal accomplishment. Little is known about burnout in residents or its relationship to patient care. To determine the prevalence of burnout in medical residents and explore its relationship to self-reported patient care practices. Cross-sectional study using an anonymous, mailed survey. University-based residency program in Seattle, Washington. 115 internal medicine residents. Burnout was measured by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and was defined as scores in the high range for medical professionals on the depersonalization or emotional exhaustion subscales. Five questions developed for this study assessed self-reported patient care practices that suggested suboptimal care (for example, "I did not fully discuss treatment options or answer a patient's questions" or "I made...errors that were not due to a lack of knowledge or inexperience"). Depression and at-risk alcohol use were assessed by using validated screening questionnaires. Of 115 (76%) responding residents, 87 (76%) met the criteria for burnout. Compared with non-burned-out residents, burned-out residents were significantly more likely to self-report providing at least one type of suboptimal patient care at least monthly (53% vs. 21%; P = 0.004). In multivariate analyses, burnout--but not sex, depression, or at-risk alcohol use--was strongly associated with self-report of one or more suboptimal patient care practices at least monthly (odds ratio, 8.3 [95% CI, 2.6 to 26.5]). When each domain of burnout was evaluated separately, only a high score for depersonalization was associated with self-reported suboptimal patient care practices (in a dose-response relationship). Burnout was common among resident physicians and was associated with self-reported suboptimal patient care practices.
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            Early predictors of job burnout and engagement.

            A longitudinal study predicted changes in burnout or engagement a year later by identifying 2 types of early indicators at the initial assessment. Organizational employees (N = 466) completed measures of burnout and 6 areas of worklife at 2 times with a 1-year interval. Those people who showed an inconsistent pattern at Time 1 were more likely to change over the year than were those who did not. Among this group, those who also displayed a workplace incongruity in the area of fairness moved to burnout at Time 2, while those without this incongruity moved toward engagement. The implications of these 2 predictive indicators are discussed in terms of the enhanced ability to customize interventions for targeted groups within the workplace. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved.
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              Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rsbph
                Revista da SBPH
                Rev. SBPH
                Sociedade Brasileira de Psicologia Hospitalar (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1516-0858
                June 2020
                : 23
                : 1
                : 35-52
                Affiliations
                [02] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Hospital das Clínicas
                [04] São Paulo SP orgnameAssociação Arte Despertar diretoriaexecutiva@ 123456artedespertar.org.br
                [01] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo ( orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina
                [05] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Hospital das Clínicas
                [03] São Paulo SP orgnameAssociação Arte Despertar regina@ 123456artedespertar.org.br
                Article
                S1516-08582020000100005 S1516-0858(20)02300100005
                0f96c48c-d804-4174-b9df-90bb0c538d53

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 87, Pages: 18
                Product

                SciELO Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia

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                prevenção,hospital,burnout syndrome,health professionals,profissionais de saúde,autoestima,prevention,self-esteem,síndrome de burnout

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