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      Smart Hydrogels Meet Carbon Nanomaterials for New Frontiers in Medicine

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          Abstract

          Carbon nanomaterials include diverse structures and morphologies, such as fullerenes, nano-onions, nanodots, nanodiamonds, nanohorns, nanotubes, and graphene-based materials. They have attracted great interest in medicine for their high innovative potential, owing to their unique electronic and mechanical properties. In this review, we describe the most recent advancements in their inclusion in hydrogels to yield smart systems that can respond to a variety of stimuli. In particular, we focus on graphene and carbon nanotubes, for applications that span from sensing and wearable electronics to drug delivery and tissue engineering.

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          Broad family of carbon nanoallotropes: classification, chemistry, and applications of fullerenes, carbon dots, nanotubes, graphene, nanodiamonds, and combined superstructures.

          Vasilios Georgakilas, Jason A Perman, Jiří Tuček … (2015)
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            Carbon Dots: A New Type of Carbon-Based Nanomaterial with Wide Applications

            Junjun Liu, Rui Xue Li, Bai Yang (2020)
            Carbon dots (CDs), as a new type of carbon-based nanomaterial, have attracted broad research interest for years, because of their diverse physicochemical properties and favorable attributes like good biocompatibility, unique optical properties, low cost, ecofriendliness, abundant functional groups (e.g., amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl), high stability, and electron mobility. In this Outlook, we comprehensively summarize the classification of CDs based on the analysis of their formation mechanism, micro-/nanostructure and property features, and describe their synthetic methods and optical properties including strong absorption, photoluminescence, and phosphorescence. Furthermore, the recent significant advances in diverse applications, including optical (sensor, anticounterfeiting), energy (light-emitting diodes, catalysis, photovoltaics, supercapacitors), and promising biomedicine, are systematically highlighted. Finally, we envisage the key issues to be challenged, future research directions, and perspectives to show a full picture of CDs-based materials.
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              Conductive Polymers: Opportunities and Challenges in Biomedical Applications

              Aaron Tan, Amelia Seifalian, Toktam Nezakati … (2018)
              Article 0 comments Cited 185 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Elvira De Giglio: Role: Academic Editor
                Maria A. Bonifacio: Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomedicines
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomedicines
                Journal ID (publisher-id): biomedicines
                Title: Biomedicines
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2227-9059
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 May 2021
                Publication date Collection: May 2021
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 5
                Electronic Location Identifier: 570
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; simone.adorinni@ 123456phd.units.it (S.A.); petr.rozhin@ 123456phd.units.it (P.R.)
                [2 ]National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: smarchesan@ 123456units.it
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-7635
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6089-3873
                Article
                Publisher ID: biomedicines-09-00570
                DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050570
                PMC ID: 8158376
                PubMed ID: 34070138
                SO-VID: 1976563a-1d97-4359-a9dc-4369f4e60ddf
                Copyright © © 2021 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 27 April 2021
                Date accepted : 15 May 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: hydrogels,carbon nanotubes,graphene,carbon nanomaterials,nanostructures,wearable electronics,drug delivery,tissue engineering,regenerative medicine
                Data availability:
                Keywords: hydrogels, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon nanomaterials, nanostructures, wearable electronics, drug delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine

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