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      Intervenciones en cuidadores familiares de niños con cáncer Translated title: Interventions in family caregivers of children with cancer

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          Abstract

          El cáncer infantil demanda en el cuidador familiar preparación para asumir su rol y mitigar sus efectos negativos. Objetivo: identificar características y tendencias de las intervenciones con cuidadores familiares de niños con cáncer. Metodología: revisión integrativa de literatura en la que se incluyeron 23 estudios previo proceso de depuración y lectura crítica. Se usó la herramienta Atlas Ti versión 7.0 para la sistematización y comparación de datos. Resultados: los hallazgos se agruparon en siete temas: contenido, materiales, escenario, marco conceptual y efecto de las intervenciones, profesionales que intervienen y forma de los encuentros. Conclusión: las intervenciones se caracterizan por buscar efecto en la habilidad de resolución de problemas, estrés postraumático y satisfacción del cuidador. Fueron ejecutadas por disciplinas como enfermería y psicología. No se observan tendencias frente al uso de materiales en las intervenciones, aunque se observa que son necesarios encuentros cara a cara y uso de tecnologías.

          Translated abstract

          Childhood cancer demand preparation in the family caregiver to assume its role and mitigate its negative effects. Aim: To identify characteristics and trends of interventions with family caregivers of children with cancer. Methodology: integrative literature review of 23 studies. Critical literature was developed. Atlas Ti version 7.0 for the systematization and data comparison tool was used. Results: The findings were grouped into seven themes: content, materials, location, conceptual framework and impact of interventions, professionals involved and shape the meetings. Conclusion: We found that the interventions search features effect on the ability to solve problems, traumatic stress and caregiver satisfaction. They were executed by disciplines such as nursing and psychology. No trends are observed regarding the use of materials in interventions, although it is noted that face-to-face and use of technologies are necessary meetings.

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          Most cited references53

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          Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

          Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013.
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            Advancing the science of symptom management.

            Since the publication of the original Symptom Management Model (Larson et al. 1994), faculty and students at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Nursing Centre for System Management have tested this model in research studies and expanded the model through collegial discussions and seminars. In this paper, we describe the evidence-based revised conceptual model, the three dimensions of the model, and the areas where further research is needed. The experience of symptoms, minor to severe, prompts millions of patients to visit their healthcare providers each year. Symptoms not only create distress, but also disrupt social functioning. The management of symptoms and their resulting outcomes often become the responsibility of the patient and his or her family members. Healthcare providers have difficulty developing symptom management strategies that can be applied across acute and home-care settings because few models of symptom management have been tested empirically. To date, the majority of research on symptoms was directed toward studying a single symptom, such as pain or fatigue, or toward evaluating associated symptoms, such as depression and sleep disturbance. While this approach has advanced our understanding of some symptoms, we offer a generic symptom management model to provide direction for selecting clinical interventions, informing research, and bridging an array of symptoms associated with a variety of diseases and conditions. Finally, a broadly-based symptom management model allows the integration of science from other fields.
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              Childhood cancer epidemiology in low-income countries.

              Global studies of childhood cancer provide clues to cancer etiology, facilitate prevention and early diagnosis, identify biologic differences, improve survival rates in low-income countries (LIC) by facilitating quality improvement initiatives, and improve outcomes in high-income countries (HIC) through studies of tumor biology and collaborative clinical trials. Incidence rates of cancer differ between various ethnic groups within a single country and between various countries with similar ethnic compositions. Such differences may be the result of genetic predisposition, early or delayed exposure to infectious diseases, and other environmental factors. The reported incidence of childhood leukemia is lower in LIC than in more prosperous countries. Registration of childhood leukemia requires recognition of symptoms, rapid access to primary and tertiary medical care (a pediatric cancer unit), a correct diagnosis, and a data management infrastructure. In LIC, where these services are lacking, some children with leukemia may die before diagnosis and registration. In this environment, epidemiologic studies would seem to be an unaffordable luxury, but in reality represent a key element for progress. Hospital-based registries are both feasible and essential in LIC, and can be developed using available training programs for data managers and the free online Pediatric Oncology Networked Data Base (www.POND4kids.org), which allows collection, analysis, and sharing of data.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                index
                Index de Enfermería
                Index Enferm
                Fundación Index (Granada, Granada, Spain )
                1132-1296
                1699-5988
                June 2017
                : 26
                : 1-2
                : 43-47
                Affiliations
                [01] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Facultad de Enfermería orgdiv2Grupo de Investigación Cuidado de Enfermería al Paciente Crónico Colombia
                [02] Bogotá orgnameInstituto Nacional de Cancerología E.S.E. Colombia Colombia
                Article
                S1132-12962017000100010
                1e0b61dd-8be7-4e6d-bb95-fbaa944eecfe

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 August 2015
                : 23 December 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 58, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Cuidadores,Niños,Neoplasmas,Estudios de intervención,Caregivers,Children,Neoplasms,Intervention studies

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