Chitin nanowhiskers from shrimp shell waste as green filler in acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber: Processing and performance properties

Graphical abstract

Highlights

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  Chitin nanowhiskers (CHNW) were prepared from shrimp shell waste.

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  Alpha chitin nanowhiskers with 86% crystallinity index were obtained.

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  CHNW were applied as green filler in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR).

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  NBR/CHNW nanocomposites were comprehensively characterized.

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  CHNW significantly improves tensile properties and thermal stability of NBR.

Abstract

In this work, chitin nanowhiskers with high crystallinity index were obtained from shrimp shells waste using acid hydrolysis method and then comprehensively characterized. Subsequently, the impact of chitin nanowhisker content on processing and performance of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber based nanocomposites was evaluated. The results showed that the addition of chitin nanowhiskers increased tensile strength and tear strength of nanocomposites by 116% and 54%, which was related to suitable dispersion of chitin nanowhiskers in matrix. Reinforcing effect of chitin nanowhiskers in acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber was also confirmed by Wolff activity coefficient, glass transition temperature and equilibrium swelling measurements. Moreover, it was found that higher content chitin nanowhiskers significantly improve the thermal stability of studied nanocomposites. The incorporation of chitin nanowhiskers resulted in increase of 74 °C for onset degradation temperature. This work confirmed that shrimp shell waste can be upcycled into chitin nanowhiskers - promising green filler in NBR for high-performance elastomeric applications.