A survey of sleep problems and influencing factors among preschoolers

Abstract

Objective To investigate the prevalence of sleep problems and influencing factors among preschoolers, so as to provide a reference for healthy sleep behaviors among preschoolers.

Methods From December 2017 to June 2018, a questionnaires study was administered to parents of 8 456 preschoolers from kindergartens in Yangzhou, Zhenjiang and Xuzhou by using random cluster sampling method. Demographic characteristics, screen time, sleep patterns and the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) were colleted.

Results The average night-sleep duration was (9.91±0.64) h, the rate of sleep deprivation was 51.7%, which increased with age (χ ² _trend = 34.19, P<0.01). The total scores of CSHQ were (49.46±5.02), and the prevalence of sleep problems was 95.0%, with the prevalence of specific sleep problems ranged from 2.3% to 76.4%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that only-child, mothers’ age, parental education, and household economic status was significantly associated the sleep problems ( P<0.05).

Conclusion The prevalence of sleep problems among preschool children is more prominent, varies by onlychild, parental education and household economic status. Parents and society should raise awareness of sleep problems.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解学龄前儿童睡眠问题的流行现状和影响因素, 为有效改善学龄前儿童睡眠问题提供参考。 方法 2017 年 12 月 一2018 年 6 月采用自编问卷, 利用随机整群抽样的方法对扬州、镇江、徐州 3 座城市的 8 456 名在园学龄前儿童的家长进行问卷调查。由家长或主要监护人完成一般人口学特征、视屏时间、睡眠模式和儿童睡眠习惯量表(CSHQ)。 结果 被调查儿童平均夜间睡眠时长为 (9.91±0.64) h, 睡眠不足率为 51.7%, 随着年龄的增长睡眠不足率逐渐增加 (χ ² _趋势 = 34.19, P<0.01); 被调查儿童CSHQ量表得分为 (49.46±5.02), 总体睡眠问题发生率为 95.0%, 不同类型睡眠问题的发生率为 2.3%~76.4%。二分类 Logistic 回归分析显示, 是否为独生子女、母亲年龄、父亲文化水平、家庭经济水平与学龄前儿童睡眠问题的发生相关 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 学龄前儿童睡眠问题发生率较高, 且与独生子女、父亲文化水平、家庭经济水平等因素有关。家长和社会应提高对学龄前儿童睡眠问题的关注。