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      Burden of transportation injuries among children and adolescents of Fars province: analysis of Iran’s 20-year trends

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          Abstract

          OBJECTIVES:

          Transportation injuries are among the top ten causes of burden of disease in all age groups worldwide. The burden of transportation injuries among children and adolescents in Iran is higher than the world average and that of other developing countries. The aims of this study were to investigate the burden of transportation injuries in children and adolescents in the province of Fars in Iran from 2009 to 2013, and to report the burden of these kinds of injuries in children and adolescents in Iran from 1990 to 2010.

          METHODS:

          The number of deaths due to transportation injuries and the location of fatal injuries in the province of Fars in Iran from 2009 to 2013 were analyzed using data from the Fars Forensic Medicine Organization. The 20-year trend in the burden of transportation injuries in Iran was analyzed using data from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.

          RESULTS:

          Similarly to the long-term trend in Iran, the burden of transportation injuries among the male population of Fars province was generally higher than in females. Most fatal accident injuries occurred on roads (males: n=4151, 61.51%; females: n=1182, 65.95%) and in urban areas (males: n=1994, 29.54%; females: n=473, 26.40%).

          CONCLUSIONS:

          Considering that children and adolescents are high risk groups for transportation injuries, adopting an effective comprehensive multi-sectoral approach, including enacting and enforcing appropriate laws and regulations, developing general knowledge, and facilitating the availability of Personal protective equipment, could be helpful for reducing the burden of these injuries.

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          Most cited references29

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          The neglected epidemic: road traffic injuries in developing countries.

          V Nantulya, Richard R. Reich (2002)
          Article 0 comments Cited 157 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Evaluating causes of death and morbidity in Iran, global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors study 2010.

            Mohammad Forouzanfar, Sadaf Sepanlou, Saeid Shahraz … (2014)
            we aimed to recap and highlight the major results of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 by mortality and morbidity to clarify the current health priorities and challenges in Iran. We estimated Iran's mortality and burden of 289 diseases with 67 risk factors and 1160 sequelae, which were used to clinically present each disease and its disability or cause of death. We produced several measures to report health loss and status: all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, years of life lost due to death (YLL), healthy years of life lost due to disability (YLD), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), life expectancy, and healthy life expectancy, for three time periods: 1990, 2005, and 2010. We found out that life expectancy at birth was 71.6 years in men and 77.8 years in women. Almost 350 thousand deaths occurred in both sexes and all age groups in 2010. In both males and females and all age groups, ischemic heart disease was the main cause of death, claiming about 90 thousand lives. The main contributors to DALYs were: ischemic heart disease (9.1%), low back pain (9.0%), road injuries (7.3%), and unipolar depressive disorders (6.3%). The main causes of death under 5 years of age included: congenital anomalies (22.4%), preterm birth complications (18.3%), and other neonatal disorders (13.5%). The main causes of death among 15 - 49 year olds in both sexes included: injuries (23.6%) and ischemic heart disease (12.7%) The highest rates of YLDs were observed among 70+ year olds for both sexes (27,365 per 100,000), mainly due to low back pain, osteoarthritis, diabetes, falls, and major depressive disorder. The main risk factors to which deaths were attributable among children under 5 years included: suboptimal breast feeding, ambient PM pollution, tobacco smoking, and underweight. The most important risk factors among 15 to 49 year olds were: dietary risks, high blood pressure, high body mass index, physical inactivity, smoking, and ambient PM pollution. The pattern was similar among 50+ year olds. Although non-communicable diseases had the greatest burden in 2010, the challenge of communicable and maternal diseases for health system is not over yet. Diet and physiological risk factors appear to be the most important targets for public health policy in Iran. Moreover, Iranians would greatly benefit from effective strategies to prevent injury and musculoskeletal disorders and expand mental care. Persistent improvement is possible by strengthening the health information system to monitor the population health and evaluate current programs.
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              Road-traffic-related mortality in Iran: a descriptive study.

              A Montazeri (2004)
              Road traffic accidents are considered to be the second highest cause of mortality in Iran. A study was conducted to describe road-traffic-related mortality data in Iran in a given period. All Iranian mortality data on road traffic accidents between March 1999 and 2000 (one complete Iranian calendar year) were obtained. The main variables studied were deceased's gender, age, education level, status (i.e. driver, car occupant, etc.), cause and place of death. A total of 15?482 individuals died from road traffic accidents in Iran in the study period. A disproportionate number of deceased individuals were male (79%), mostly aged 40 years or less (65%), and who were pedestrians or car occupants (62%). Head injury was the most common cause of road-traffic-related mortality (66%) in males and females of all ages. Following road traffic accidents, 57% of deaths occurred pre-hospital. Head injury is the most common single cause of mortality attributable to road traffic accidents in Iran, and since most deaths occur pre-hospital, it seems many are preventable. To overcome this major public health problem, there is an urgent need to develop a comprehensive injury control policy and strategy in Iran.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Epidemiol Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Epidemiol Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EPIH
                Title: Epidemiology and Health
                Publisher: Korean Society of Epidemiology
                ISSN (Electronic): 2092-7193
                Publication date Collection: 2014
                Publication date (Electronic): 24 November 2014
                Volume: 36
                Electronic Location Identifier: e2014032
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
                [2 ]Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Yaser Sarikhani  Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Motahari Street, Jahrom 74148-46199, Iran  Tel: +989173512044, E-mail: yasersarikhani@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: epih-36-e2014032
                DOI: 10.4178/epih/e2014032
                PMC ID: 4300829
                PubMed ID: 25420953
                SO-VID: 244b47e8-fa7d-443b-8f67-b75070c69548
                Copyright © ©2014, Korean Society of Epidemiology
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 16 October 2014
                Date accepted : 23 November 2014
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: transportation injuries,burden of diseases,child,adolescent
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: transportation injuries, burden of diseases, child, adolescent

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