Association between Modic changes, disc degeneration, and neck pain in the cervical spine: a systematic review of literature

Abstract

<p class="first" id="d1839174e77">The contribution of Modic changes (MCs) in relation to spinal pain and degenerative changes has been evaluated frequently. However, most studies focus on lumbar spine. The association between MCs, neck pain, and cervical disc degeneration is not clear. </p>