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      An efficient protocol for the synthesis of pyridines and hydroquinolones using IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe 2O 4 composite as a magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst

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          Abstract

          This study reports a facile and cost-effective technique for preparing magnetic copper ferrite nanoparticles supported on IRMOF-3/GO [IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe 2O 4]. The synthesized IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe 2O 4 was characterized with IR, SEM, TGA, XRD, BET, EDX, VSM, and elemental mapping. The prepared catalyst revealed higher catalytic behavior in synthesizing heterocyclic compounds through a one-pot reaction between various aromatic aldehydes, diverse primary amines, malononitrile, and dimedone under ultrasound irradiations. Among the notable features of this technique are higher efficiency, easy recovery from the reaction mixture, removal of a heterogeneous catalyst, and uncomplicated route. In this catalytic system, the activity level was almost constant after various stages of reuse and recovery.

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          Most cited references49

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          Metal-organic framework materials as catalysts.

          A critical review of the emerging field of MOF-based catalysis is presented. Discussed are examples of: (a) opportunistic catalysis with metal nodes, (b) designed catalysis with framework nodes, (c) catalysis by homogeneous catalysts incorporated as framework struts, (d) catalysis by MOF-encapsulated molecular species, (e) catalysis by metal-free organic struts or cavity modifiers, and (f) catalysis by MOF-encapsulated clusters (66 references).
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            Metal–Organic Frameworks in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Recent Progress, New Trends, and Future Perspectives

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              Ultra-large-scale syntheses of monodisperse nanocrystals.

              The development of nanocrystals has been intensively pursued, not only for their fundamental scientific interest, but also for many technological applications. The synthesis of monodisperse nanocrystals (size variation <5%) is of key importance, because the properties of these nanocrystals depend strongly on their dimensions. For example, the colour sharpness of semiconductor nanocrystal-based optical devices is strongly dependent on the uniformity of the nanocrystals, and monodisperse magnetic nanocrystals are critical for the next-generation multi-terabit magnetic storage media. For these monodisperse nanocrystals to be used, an economical mass-production method needs to be developed. Unfortunately, however, in most syntheses reported so far, only sub-gram quantities of monodisperse nanocrystals were produced. Uniform-sized nanocrystals of CdSe (refs 10,11) and Au (refs 12,13) have been produced using colloidal chemical synthetic procedures. In addition, monodisperse magnetic nanocrystals such as Fe (refs 14,15), Co (refs 16-18), gamma-Fe(2)O(3) (refs 19,20), and Fe(3)O(4) (refs 21,22) have been synthesized by using various synthetic methods. Here, we report on the ultra-large-scale synthesis of monodisperse nanocrystals using inexpensive and non-toxic metal salts as reactants. We were able to synthesize as much as 40 g of monodisperse nanocrystals in a single reaction, without a size-sorting process. Moreover, the particle size could be controlled simply by varying the experimental conditions. The current synthetic procedure is very general and nanocrystals of many transition metal oxides were successfully synthesized using a very similar procedure.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                m.a.qasemzade@gmail.com
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                5 June 2023
                5 June 2023
                2023
                : 13
                : 9089
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.472325.5, ISNI 0000 0004 0493 9058, Department of Chemistry, Qom Branch, , Islamic Azad University, ; Post Box, Qom, 37491-13191 Iran
                [2 ]GRID grid.411748.f, ISNI 0000 0001 0387 0587, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, , Iran University of Science and Technology, ; Tehran, 16846-13114 Iran
                Article
                36115
                10.1038/s41598-023-36115-2
                10241797
                37277460
                2e6ae039-5804-4bc7-ab20-b120551bb98e
                © The Author(s) 2023

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 21 September 2022
                : 30 May 2023
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                © Springer Nature Limited 2023

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                chemistry,nanoscience and technology
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                chemistry, nanoscience and technology

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