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      Cereus sinensis Polysaccharide Alleviates Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea Based on Modulating the Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6 Mice

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          Abstract

          The present study investigated whether the purified polysaccharide from Cereus sinensis (CSP-1) had beneficial effects on mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). The effects of CSP-1 on gut microbiota were evaluated by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that CSP-1 increased the diversity and richness of gut microbiota. CSP-1 enriched Phasecolarctobacterium, Bifidobacterium and reduced the abundance of Parabacteroides, Sutterella, Coprobacillus to near normal levels, modifying the gut microbial community. Microbial metabolites were further analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicated CSP-1 promoted the production of various short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and significantly improved intestinal microflora dysfunction in AAD mice. In addition, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to assess the effects of CSP-1 on cytokine levels and intestinal tissue in AAD mice. Results demonstrated that CSP-1 inhibited the secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and improved the intestinal barrier. Correspondingly, the daily records also showed that CSP-1 promoted recovery of diarrhea status score, water intake and body weight in mice with AAD. In short, CSP-1 helped alleviate AAD by regulating the inflammatory cytokines, altering the composition and richness of intestinal flora, promoting the production of SCFAs, improving the intestinal barrier as well as reversing the dysregulated microbiota function.

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          Most cited references42

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          A review of bioactive plant polysaccharides: Biological activities, functionalization, and biomedical applications

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            Modulating effects of polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum on the immune response and gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide-treated mice

            The effects were investigated of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on immunoregulation and gut microbiota dysbiosis in CTX-induced mice to elucidate whether the attenuation of immunosuppression is related to the modulation of the gut microbiota. In the present study, the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPS) on immunoregulation and gut microbiota dysbiosis in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced mice were investigated to elucidate whether the attenuation of immunosuppression is related to the modulation of the gut microbiota. The results showed that administration of LBPS could protect immune organs (enhancing immune organ indexes and alleviating immune organ damage), enhance the production of immune-related cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ) and prevent the hepatotoxicity in CTX-induced mice. Additionally, LBPS treatment could promote the production of short-chain fatty acids and modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, increasing the relative abundances of Bacteroidaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Prevotellaceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae, which were positively associated with immune traits. The present results indicated that LBPS might regulate the immune response depending on the modulation of the gut microbiota, suggesting that LBPS could be developed as special ingredients for immunoregulation in association with the modulation of the gut microbiota.
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              Dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharide regionally regulates intestinal mucosal barrier function and intestinal microbiota in mice

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Nutr
                Front Nutr
                Front. Nutr.
                Frontiers in Nutrition
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                2296-861X
                13 December 2021
                2021
                : 8
                : 751992
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University , Shanghai, China
                [2] 2National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai) , Shanghai, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Riadh Hammami, University of Ottawa, Canada

                Reviewed by: Kit Leong Cheong, Shantou University, China; Bin Du, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, China

                *Correspondence: Kehai Liu khliu@ 123456shou.edu.cn

                This article was submitted to Nutrition and Microbes, a section of the journal Frontiers in Nutrition

                Article
                10.3389/fnut.2021.751992
                8711652
                34966769
                2e70006e-3011-4f62-afbe-52be9e9534fb
                Copyright © 2021 Cui, Wang, Elango, Wu, Liu and Jin.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 02 August 2021
                : 19 November 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 8, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 13, Words: 5940
                Funding
                Funded by: Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, doi 10.13039/501100003399;
                Award ID: 18430721100
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China-Henan Joint Fund, doi 10.13039/501100014220;
                Award ID: 81572989
                Categories
                Nutrition
                Original Research

                cereus sinensis,polysaccharide,antibiotic-associated diarrhea,gut microbiota,short chain fatty acid

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