Lighten UP! A community-based group intervention to promote psychological well-being in older adults

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Abstract

Aging is often characterized by declines in physical and mental health and increased risk for depression and social isolation. A protective factor that has been found to effectively moderate these phenomena is psychological well-being. The aim of his study was to pilot test a novel group intervention (Lighten UP! program) for the promotion of psychological well-being in older adults living in the community.

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Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index.

Ed Diener (2000)

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A snapshot of the age distribution of psychological well-being in the United States.

A A Stone, J E Schwartz, J. Broderick … (2010)

Psychological well-being (WB) includes a person's overall appraisal of his or her life (Global WB) and affective state (Hedonic WB), and it is considered a key aspect of the health of individuals and groups. Several cross-sectional studies have documented a relation between Global WB and age. Little is known, however, about the age distribution of Hedonic WB. It may yield a different view of aging because it is less influenced by the cognitive reconstruction inherent in Global WB measures and because it includes both positive and negative components of WB. In this study we report on both Global and Hedonic WB assessed in a 2008 telephone survey of 340,847 people in the United States. Consistent with prior studies, Global WB and positive Hedonic WB generally had U-shaped age profiles showing increased WB after the age of 50 years. However, negative Hedonic WB variables showed distinctly different and stronger patterns: Stress and Anger steeply declined from the early 20s, Worry was elevated through middle age and then declined, and Sadness was essentially flat. Unlike a prior study, men and women had very similar age profiles of WB. Several measures that could plausibly covary with the age-WB association (e.g., having children at home) did not alter the age-WB patterns. Global and Hedonic WB measures appear to index different aspects of WB over the lifespan, and the postmidlife increase in WB, especially in Hedonic WB, deserves continued exploration.

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The absence of positive psychological (eudemonic) well-being as a risk factor for depression: a ten year cohort study.

Alex M Wood, Stephen Joseph (2010)

Previous research in psychiatry has focused on how negative personality traits and impaired well-being form risk factors for depression. This study presents the first longitudinal test of whether the absence of positive well-being forms an additional unique risk factor for depression. A large cohort of 5566 people completed a survey at two time points, aged 51-56 at Time 1 and 63-67 at Time 2. Positive psychological well-being included measures self-acceptance, autonomy, purpose in life, positive relationships with others, environmental mastery, and personal growth. Personality was measured as extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience. Depression was measured with the CES-D scale. People with low positive well-being were 7.16 times more likely to be depressed 10-years later. After controlling for personality, negative functioning, prior depression, demographic, economic, and physical heath variables, people with low positive well-being were still over twice as likely to be depressed. All measures were self-report, rather than based on peer-report or physician diagnosis. An aging population was studied; replication is needed in younger populations. The absence of positive well-being forms a substantial risk factor for depression, independent of the presence of negative functioning and impaired physical health. Older people with low PWB are very likely to become depressed over 10 years, and preventative intervention and monitoring of these individuals are indicated. Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: Aging & Mental Health

Abbreviated Title: Aging & Mental Health

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

ISSN (Print): 1360-7863

ISSN (Electronic): 1364-6915

Publication date Created: August 25 2015

Publication date Created: February 2017

Publication date (Electronic): October 13 2015

Publication date (Print): February 2017

Volume: 21

Issue: 2

Pages: 199-205

Article

DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1093605

PMC ID: 5636191

PubMed ID: 26460594

SO-VID: 2f8abf43-80eb-429b-b768-bfd3bbe3582f

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Lighten UP! A community-based group intervention to promote psychological well-being in older adults

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Most cited references 24

Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index.

A snapshot of the age distribution of psychological well-being in the United States.

The absence of positive psychological (eudemonic) well-being as a risk factor for depression: a ten year cohort study.

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