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      Valence and vertical space: Saccade trajectory deviations reveal metaphorical spatial activation

      , , ,  
      Visual Cognition
      Informa UK Limited

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          Confidence intervals in within-subject designs: A simpler solution to Loftus and Masson's method

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            Interactions between number and space in parietal cortex.

            Since the time of Pythagoras, numerical and spatial representations have been inextricably linked. We suggest that the relationship between the two is deeply rooted in the brain's organization for these capacities. Many behavioural and patient studies have shown that numerical-spatial interactions run far deeper than simply cultural constructions, and, instead, influence behaviour at several levels. By combining two previously independent lines of research, neuroimaging studies of numerical cognition in humans, and physiological studies of spatial cognition in monkeys, we propose that these numerical-spatial interactions arise from common parietal circuits for attention to external space and internal representations of numbers.
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              Space and attention in parietal cortex.

              The space around us is represented not once but many times in parietal cortex. These multiple representations encode locations and objects of interest in several egocentric reference frames. Stimulus representations are transformed from the coordinates of receptor surfaces, such as the retina or the cochlea, into the coordinates of effectors, such as the eye, head, or hand. The transformation is accomplished by dynamic updating of spatial representations in conjunction with voluntary movements. This direct sensory-to-motor coordinate transformation obviates the need for a single representation of space in environmental coordinates. In addition to representing object locations in motoric coordinates, parietal neurons exhibit strong modulation by attention. Both top-down and bottom-up mechanisms of attention contribute to the enhancement of visual responses. The saliance of a stimulus is the primary factor in determining the neural response to it. Although parietal neurons represent objects in motor coordinates, visual responses are independent of the intention to perform specific motor acts.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Visual Cognition
                Visual Cognition
                Informa UK Limited
                1350-6285
                1464-0716
                May 2013
                May 2013
                : 21
                : 5
                : 628-646
                Article
                10.1080/13506285.2013.815680
                308d0046-8325-42d5-937a-d5a50182f44d
                © 2013
                History

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