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      A Review of the Combination Therapy of Low Frequency Ultrasound with Antibiotics

      review-article
      Author(s): , , , ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: BioMed Research International
      Publisher: Hindawi

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          Abstract

          Single antimicrobial therapy has been unable to resist the global spread of bacterial resistance. Literatures of available in vitro and in vivo studies were reviewed and the results showed that low frequency ultrasound (LFU) has a promising synergistic bactericidal effect with antibiotics against both planktonic and biofilm bacteria. It also can facilitate the release of antibiotics from medical implants. As a noninvasive and targeted therapy, LFU has great potential in treating bacterial infections. However, more in-depth and detailed studies are still needed before LFU is officially applied as a combination therapy in the field of anti-infective treatment.

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          Colistin resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii: clinical reports, mechanisms and antimicrobial strategies.

          Yun Cai, Dong Chai, Rui Wang … (2012)
          Colistin is the last resort for treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Unfortunately, resistance to colistin has been reported all over the world. The highest resistance rate was reported in Asia, followed by Europe. The heteroresistance rate of A. baumannii to colistin is generally higher than the resistance rate. The mechanism of resistance might be loss of lipopolysaccharide or/and the PmrAB two-component system. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies revealed that colistin monotherapy is unable to prevent resistance, and combination therapy might be the best antimicrobial strategy against colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Colistin/rifampicin and colistin/carbapenem are the most studied combinations that showed promising results in vitro, in vivo and in the clinic. New peptides showing good activity against colistin-resistant A. baumannii are also being investigated.
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            The characterization of acoustic cavitation bubbles - an overview.

            Muthupandian Ashokkumar (2011)
            Acoustic cavitation, in simple terms, is the growth and collapse of preexisting microbubbles under the influence of an ultrasonic field in liquids. The cavitation bubbles can be characterized by the dynamics of oscillations and the maximum temperatures and pressures reached when they collapse. These aspects can be studied both experimentally and theoretically for a single bubble system. However, in a multibubble system, the formation of bubble streamers and clusters makes it difficult to characterize the cumulative properties of these bubbles. In this overview, some recently developed experimental procedures for the characterization of acoustic cavitation bubbles have been discussed.
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              Bacteriophage therapy: a potential solution for the antibiotic resistance crisis.

              Zhabiz Golkar, Omar Bagasra, Donald Gene Pace (2014)
              The emergence of multiple drug-resistant bacteria has prompted interest in alternatives to conventional antimicrobials. One of the possible replacement options for antibiotics is the use of bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents. Phage therapy is an important alternative to antibiotics in the current era of drug-resistant pathogens. Bacteriophages have played an important role in the expansion of molecular biology and have been used as antibacterial agents since 1966. In this review, we describe a brief history of bacteriophages and clinical studies on their use in bacterial disease prophylaxis and therapy. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of bacteriophages as therapeutic agents in this regard.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Lei Xia:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-8347
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomed Res Int
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomed Res Int
                Journal ID (publisher-id): BMRI
                Title: BioMed Research International
                Publisher: Hindawi
                ISSN (Print): 2314-6133
                ISSN (Electronic): 2314-6141
                Publication date (Print): 2017
                Publication date (Electronic): 16 October 2017
                Volume: 2017
                Electronic Location Identifier: 2317846
                Affiliations
                Center of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Konstantinos Anagnostakos

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-9984
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0678-7628
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1225-7113
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0185-4468
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-8347
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2017/2317846
                PMC ID: 5662814
                SO-VID: 32e8e0d0-d6a7-431f-adfa-1f29e89266cf
                Copyright © Copyright © 2017 Yun Cai et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 31 May 2017
                Date revision received : 1 August 2017
                Date accepted : 29 August 2017
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 81573472
                Funded by: Clinical Research Support Funding of PLA General Hospital
                Award ID: 2015 FC-TSYS-1042
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Data availability:

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