KRAS -related noncoding RNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a poor overall prognosis. However, curative resection during the early stages of the disease can greatly improve survival rates, highlighting the importance of early screening and detection. Studies of noncoding RNAs, primarily microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), provide important insights into strategies for the early detection of KRAS-driven PDAC. Here, we summarize our studies and review current reports on research investigating KRAS-related miRNAs and lncRNAs, emphasizing their aberrant expression, mechanisms, carcinogenic effects, and prognostic and predictive capacities in PDAC.

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Most cited references 44

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The revolution in cancer research can be summed up in a single sentence: cancer is, in essence, a genetic disease. In the last decade, many important genes responsible for the genesis of various cancers have been discovered, their mutations precisely identified, and the pathways through which they act characterized. The purposes of this review are to highlight examples of progress in these areas, indicate where knowledge is scarce and point out fertile grounds for future investigation.

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Most human carcinomas of the exocrine pancreas contain mutant c-K-ras genes.

Concepción Almoguera, Darryl Shibata, Kathleen Forrester … (1988)

Using in vitro gene amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mutation detection by the RNAase A mismatch cleavage method, we have examined c-K-ras genes in human pancreatic carcinomas. We used frozen tumor specimens and single 5 micron sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue surgically removed or obtained at autopsy. Twenty-one out of 22 carcinomas of the exocrine pancreas contained c-K-ras genes with mutations at codon 12. In seven cases tested, the mutation was present in both primary tumors and their corresponding metastases. No mutations were detected in normal tissue from the same cancer patients or in five gall bladder carcinomas. We conclude from these results that c-K-ras somatic mutational activation is a critical event in the oncogenesis of most, if not all, human cancers of the exocrine pancreas.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jie Chen

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Chronic Dis Transl Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Chronic Dis Transl Med

Title: Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine

Publisher: KeAi Publishing

ISSN (Print): 2095-882X

ISSN (Electronic): 2589-0514

Publication date PMC-release: 22 December 2016

Publication date Collection: December 2016

Publication date (Electronic): 22 December 2016

Volume: 2

Issue: 4

Pages: 215-222

Affiliations

[a ]Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100730, China

[b ]Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China

[c ]Department of Pathology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China

[d ]Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China

[e ]Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China

Author notes

[∗ ]Corresponding author. xhblk@ 123456163.com

Article

Publisher ID: S2095-882X(16)30076-7

DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2016.11.012

PMC ID: 5643763

SO-VID: 39986792-4ee0-4be4-9fc2-7545471d256d

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

KRAS-related noncoding RNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Abstract

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Most cited references 44

Cancer genes and the pathways they control.

MicroRNAs in cancer: small molecules with a huge impact.

Most human carcinomas of the exocrine pancreas contain mutant c-K-ras genes.

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