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Abstract
The values of PZC and IEP of metal oxides reported in the literature are affected
by the choice of the specimens to be studied. The specimens, which have PZC and IEP
similar to the "recommended" value, are preferred by the scientists. The biased choice
leads to accumulation of results for a few specimens, and the other specimens are
seldom studied or they are subjected to washing procedures aimed at shift of the original
IEP toward the "recommended" value. Taking the average or median of all published
PZC and IEP for certain oxide as the "recommended" value leads to substantiation of
previously published results due to overrepresentation of certain specimens in the
sample.