Mustard Seed ( Brassica nigra ) Extract Exhibits Antiproliferative Effect against Human Lung Cancer Cells through Differential Regulation of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle, Migration, and Invasion

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Abstract

Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and development of novel lung cancer preventive and therapeutic agents are urgently needed. Brassica nigra (black mustard) seeds are commonly consumed in several Asian and African countries. Mustard seeds previously exhibited significant anticancer activities against several cancer types. In the present study, we have investigated various cellular and molecular mechanisms of anticancer effects of an ethanolic extract of B. nigra seeds against A549 and H1299 human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. B. nigra extract showed a substantial growth-inhibitory effect as it reduced the viability and clonogenic survival of A549 and H1299 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. B. nigra extract induced cellular apoptosis in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion as evidenced from increased caspase-3 activity. Furthermore, treatment of both A549 and H1299 cells with B. nigra extract alone or in combination with camptothecin induced DNA double-strand breaks as evidenced by upregulation of γH2A histone family member X, Fanconi anemia group D2 protein, Fanconi anemia group J protein, ataxia-telangiectesia mutated and Rad3-related protein. Based on cell cycle analysis, B. nigra extract significantly arrested A549 and H1299 cells at S and G2/M phases. Additionally, B. nigra extract suppressed the migratory and invasive properties of both cell lines, downregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), MMP9, and Snail and upregulated the expression of E-cadherin at mRNA and protein levels. Taken together, these findings indicate that B. nigra seed extract may have an important anticancer potential against human lung cancer which could be mediated through simultaneous and differential regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage, cell cycle, migration, and invasion.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Zhe-Sheng (Jason) Chen: Role: Academic Editor

Dong-Hua Yang: Role: Academic Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Molecules

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Molecules

Journal ID (publisher-id): molecules

Title: Molecules

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1420-3049

Publication date (Electronic): 29 April 2020

Publication date Collection: May 2020

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: 2069

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; asmaascience3@ 123456gmail.com (A.G.A.); usamahussein@ 123456jbnu.ac.kr (U.K.H.); kmkim@ 123456jbnu.ac.kr (K.M.K.)

[2 ]Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; amreahmed@ 123456psas.bsu.edu.eg

[3 ]Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea

[4 ]Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; mhmada@ 123456aucegypt.edu (H.M.M.); ola.hammouda@ 123456gmail.com (O.H.)

[5 ]Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: kyjang@ 123456chonbuk.ac.kr (K.Y.J.); abishayee@ 123456lecom.edu or abishayee@ 123456gmail.com (A.B.); Tel.: +82-10-4228-9970 (K.Y.J.); +1-941-782-5950 (A.B.)

[†]

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Author information

Amr E. Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0628-4422

Kyu Yun Jang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5276-4446

Anupam Bishayee https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9159-960X

Article

Publisher ID: molecules-25-02069

DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092069

PMC ID: 7248788

PubMed ID: 32365503

SO-VID: 511a5d03-c0d7-40bb-839e-5ac480fc7e6f

License:

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Mustard Seed ( Brassica nigra) Extract Exhibits Antiproliferative Effect against Human Lung Cancer Cells through Differential Regulation of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle, Migration, and Invasion

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Abstract

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Most cited references 43

How the fanconi anemia pathway guards the genome.

Multi-targeted prevention of cancer by sulforaphane.

One hundred years of lung cancer.

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