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      Laparoscopic detorsion for bilateral ovarian torsion in a singleton pregnancy with spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

      case-report

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          Abstract

          A 26-year-old primigravida with a singleton pregnancy of 9 weeks gestation presented with severe lower abdominal pain, following spontaneous hyperstimulation of the ovaries in a natural conception. Emergency laparoscopy was done and bilateral ovarian torsion with retained vascularity was noted. Bilateral detorsion with ovarian puncture and ovariopexy was performed. A review of international literature suggests that this is the first case reported with bilateral ovarian torsion following spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a singleton pregnancy.

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          Most cited references10

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          Epidemiology and prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): a review.

          Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a rare iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation occurring during the luteal phase or during early pregnancy. Fortunately, the reported prevalence of the severe form of OHSS is small, ranging from 0.5 to 5%. Nevertheless, as this is an iatrogenic complication of a non-vital treatment with a potentially fatal outcome, the syndrome remains a serious problem for specialists dealing with infertility. The aim of this literature review was to determine whether it is possible to identify patients at risk, and which preventive method should be applied when an exaggerated ovarian response occurs. Data pertaining to the epidemiology and prevention of OHSS in women were searched using Medline, Current Contents and PubMed, and are summarized. Preventive strategies attempt either to limit the dose or concentration of hCG or to find a way to induce luteolysis without inducing a detrimental effect on endometrial and oocyte quality. The following particular preventive strategies were reviewed: cancelling the cycle; coasting; early unilateral ovarian follicular aspiration (EUFA); modifying the methods of ovulation triggering; administration of glucocorticoids, macromolecules and progesterone; cryopreservation of all embryos; and electrocautery or laser vaporization of one or both ovaries.
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            Minimal surgery for the twisted ischaemic adnexa can preserve ovarian function.

            Recently detorsion has replaced salpingo-oophorectomy as treatment for the twisted ischaemic adnexa. This paper asssess whether the ovary resumes normal function after preservation by detorsion. The results of detorsion performed between January 1988 and December 2001 were retrospectively analysed. Post-operative complications and subsequent ovarian function were assessed including: ultrasound monitoring of follicular development, adnexal appearance during subsequent surgery, and the outcome of IVF. A total of 102 detorsions were performed; 67 by laparoscopy, 35 by laparotomy. No patient developed thromboembolism. Post-operative fever occurred in 15% of patients after laparoscopy and 29% after laparotomy (P < 0.01). Patients were hospitalized for a mean (+/- SD) of 2.1 +/- 1.2 and 7.4 +/- 1.5 days after laparoscopy and laparotomy respectively (P < 0.001). Ultrasound showed normal follicular development in 93 and 91% of patients after detorsion by laparoscopy and laparotomy respectively. At subsequent surgery, the adnexa appeared normal in nine out of nine patients after laparoscopy and in four out of five patients after laparotomy. Four patients of the laparoscopy group and two patients of the laparotomy group underwent subsequent IVF. In all six patients oocytes retrieved from the previously ischaemic ovary were fertilized. Detorsion with adnexal sparing is the treatment of choice for twisted ischaemic adnexa, and preferably performed by laparoscopy.
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              Ovarian and adnexal torsion: spectrum of sonographic findings with pathologic correlation.

              To determine the spectrum of sonographic findings on gray scale and color Doppler sonography in a series of pathologically proven cases of ovarian and adnexal torsion. The study population included 15 patients with surgical confirmation of ovarian or adnexal torsion, or both, who underwent sonographic examination before surgery. All sonograms were reviewed retrospectively. Gray scale abnormalities included the following: complex masses in 11 (73%) of 15 patients, cystic masses in 3 (20%), and a solid mass in 1 (7%). Cul-de-sac fluid was present in 13 (87%) of 15 patients. Adnexal neoplasms were present in 4 (27%) of 15 (1 granulosa cell tumor and 3 dermoid cysts) on pathologic examination. Doppler findings were abnormal in 14 (93%) of 15 patients and normal in 1 (7%). Abnormal Doppler findings included no arterial and no venous flow in 6 (40%) of 15, decreased venous flow with no arterial flow in 5 (33%), decreased venous flow and decreased arterial flow in 2 (13%), and decreased arterial flow with no venous flow in 1 (7%). Small amounts of cul-de-sac fluid were present in 13 (87%) of 15 patients. The diagnosis of ovarian and adnexal torsion remains challenging. It cannot be based solely on the absence or presence of flow on color Doppler sonography, because the presence of arterial or venous flow does not exclude the diagnosis of adnexal torsion. Comparison with the morphologic appearance and flow patterns of the contralateral ovary will aid in diagnosis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Hum Reprod Sci
                J Hum Reprod Sci
                JHRS
                Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0974-1208
                1998-4766
                Jan-Mar 2014
                : 7
                : 1
                : 66-68
                Affiliations
                [1]Nova IVI Fertility Clinics, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Pravin Patel, Nova IVI Fertility and Pulse Women's Hospital, 108 Swastik Society, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad - 380 009, Gujarat, India. E-mail: pravin.patel@ 123456novaivifertility.com
                Article
                JHRS-7-66
                10.4103/0974-1208.130870
                4018802
                24829535
                5586f742-39a2-4d5c-93be-0048154b4ba4
                Copyright: © Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 30 August 2013
                : 06 November 2013
                : 14 January 2014
                Categories
                Case Report

                Human biology
                bilateral ovarian torsion,laparoscopic detorsion,laparoscopic ovariopexy,spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

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