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      Reduction of anxiety and pain in primigravida mothers with modified Iyengar yoga: A clinical study

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          Abstract

          Background

          In primigravidas, childbirth, although physiological can be a frightening event. Two factors that accompany labor are anxiety and pain. This study aims to investigate the benefits of Iyengar yoga for anxiety and labor pain in primigravida women.

          Material and methods

          The study involved 59 female primigravida subjects, which were divided into 29 controls (without the provision of yoga exercises) and 30 people who received Iyengar yoga exercise. Anxiety and the degree of labor pain will be measured using the Hamilton Scale Rating for Anxiety (HSRA) and visual analog scale (VAS), respectively.

          Results

          Iyengar yoga significantly reduced VAS and HARS values compared to controls ( p < 0.05).

          Conclusion

          It was concluded that Iyengar yoga in primigravida women was beneficial in reducing labor pain and anxiety. Thus, the Iyengar yoga technique can be a method for supporting the success and safety of labor.

          Graphical abstract

          Highlights

          • •

            A study on primigravida pregnancy.

          • •

            Iyengar yoga for anxiety and labor pain.

          • •

            Iyengar Yoga significantly reduced pain.

          • •

            Iyengar Yoga significantly reduced anxiety.

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          Most cited references40

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          THE ASSESSMENT OF ANXIETY STATES BY RATING

          MAX HAMILTON (1959)
          Article 0 comments Cited 804 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Studies comparing Numerical Rating Scales, Verbal Rating Scales, and Visual Analogue Scales for assessment of pain intensity in adults: a systematic literature review.

            Marianne Jensen Hjermstad, Peter M. Fayers, Dagny Haugen … (2011)
            The use of unidimensional pain scales such as the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), or Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is recommended for assessment of pain intensity (PI). A literature review of studies specifically comparing the NRS, VRS, and/or VAS for unidimensional self-report of PI was performed as part of the work of the European Palliative Care Research Collaborative on pain assessment. To investigate the use and performance of unidimensional pain scales, with specific emphasis on the NRSs. A systematic search was performed, including citations through April 2010. All abstracts were evaluated by two persons according to specified criteria. Fifty-four of 239 papers were included. Postoperative PI was most frequently studied; six studies were in cancer. Eight versions of the NRS (NRS-6 to NRS-101) were used in 37 studies; a total of 41 NRSs were tested. Twenty-four different descriptors (15 for the NRSs) were used to anchor the extremes. When compared with the VAS and VRS, NRSs had better compliance in 15 of 19 studies reporting this, and were the recommended tool in 11 studies on the basis of higher compliance rates, better responsiveness and ease of use, and good applicability relative to VAS/VRS. Twenty-nine studies gave no preference. Many studies showed wide distributions of NRS scores within each category of the VRSs. Overall, NRS and VAS scores corresponded, with a few exceptions of systematically higher VAS scores. NRSs are applicable for unidimensional assessment of PI in most settings. Whether the variability in anchors and response options directly influences the numerical scores needs to be empirically tested. This will aid in the work toward a consensus-based, standardized measure. Copyright © 2011 U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
            Article 0 comments Cited 363 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Measures of anxiety: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A).

              Laura J Julian (2011)
              Article 0 comments Cited 341 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Budi Rahayu
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Ayurveda Integr Med
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Ayurveda Integr Med
                Title: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Print): 0975-9476
                ISSN (Electronic): 0976-2809
                Publication date PMC-release: 22 December 2022
                Publication date (Print): Jan-Feb 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 22 December 2022
                Volume: 14
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: 100584
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, University of Achmad Yani, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. budiayu_88@ 123456yahoo.co.id
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S0975-9476(22)00043-2 Publisher ID: 100584
                DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100584
                PMC ID: 9801121
                PubMed ID: 36565676
                SO-VID: 5a2d8afd-00c2-4858-9984-b6b822ec4ac0
                Copyright © © 2022 The Authors
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 6 January 2020
                Date revision received : 15 October 2021
                Date accepted : 27 April 2022
                Categories
                Subject: Original Research Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Keywords: pregnancy,childbirth,complementary medicine,vas,hars,acc, anterior cingulate cortex,hrsa, hamilton scale rating for anxiety,vas, visual analog scale
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Keywords: pregnancy, childbirth, complementary medicine, vas, hars, acc, anterior cingulate cortex, hrsa, hamilton scale rating for anxiety, vas, visual analog scale

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