Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Different Ethanolic Phyto-Extracts of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L.

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Abstract

Artemisia annua L. (AA) has shown for many centuries important therapeutic virtues associated with the presence of artemisinin (ART). The aim of this study was to identify and quantify ART and other secondary metabolites in ethanolic extracts of AA and evaluate the biological activity in the presence of an inflammatory stimulus. In this work, after the extraction of the aerial parts of AA with different concentrations of ethanol, ART was quantified by HPLC and HPLC-MS. In addition, anthocyanins, flavanols, flavanones, flavonols, lignans, low-molecular-weight phenolics, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and terpenes were identified and semi-quantitatively determined by UHPLC-QTOF-MS untargeted metabolomics. Finally, the viability of human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) was evaluated in the presence of the different ethanolic extracts and in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results show that ART is more concentrated in AA samples extracted with 90% ethanol. Regarding the other metabolites, only the anthocyanins are more concentrated in the samples extracted with 90% ethanol. Finally, ART and all AA samples showed a protective action towards the pro-inflammatory stimulus of LPS. In particular, the anti-inflammatory effect of the leaf extract of AA with 90% ethanol was also confirmed at the molecular level since a reduction in TNF-α mRNA gene expression was observed in SH-SY5Y treated with LPS.

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Sang-Han Lee: Role: Academic Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomolecules

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomolecules

Journal ID (publisher-id): biomolecules

Title: Biomolecules

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 2218-273X

Publication date (Electronic): 02 July 2021

Publication date Collection: July 2021

Volume: 11

Issue: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: 975

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; giulia.abate@ 123456unibs.it (G.A.); m.pucci003@ 123456unibs.it (M.P.); g.morbini001@ 123456studenti.unibs.it (G.M.); e.macsweeney@ 123456studenti.unibs.it (E.M.S.); giuseppina.maccarinelli@ 123456unibs.it (G.M.); giovanni.ribaudo@ 123456unibs.it (G.R.); alessandra.gianoncelli@ 123456unibs.it (A.G.); daniela.uberti@ 123456unibs.it (D.U.); maurizio.memo@ 123456unibs.it (M.M.)

[2 ]Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; leilei.zhang@ 123456unicatt.it

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: luigi.lucini@ 123456unicatt.it (L.L.); andrea.mastinu@ 123456unibs.it (A.M.)

[†]

These authors contribute equally to this work.

[‡]

These authors contribute equally to this work.

Author information

Giulia Abate https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9161-3475

Leilei Zhang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-0459

Giovanni Ribaudo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3679-5530

Alessandra Gianoncelli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0816-5163

Daniela Uberti https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5926-9122

Luigi Lucini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5133-9464

Andrea Mastinu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8862-2896

Article

Publisher ID: biomolecules-11-00975

DOI: 10.3390/biom11070975

PMC ID: 8301839

PubMed ID: 34356599

SO-VID: 5e109d87-9e91-48c5-a8d7-627be466a6e4

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Different Ethanolic Phyto-Extracts of Artemisia annua L.

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Most cited references 60

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