Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosomatic problems in dental settings

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Abstract

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been applied for various problems, including psychiatric diseases such as depression and anxiety, and for physical symptoms such as pain. It has also been applied for dental problems. Although the effect of CBTs on temporomandibular disorders and dental anxiety are well documented, its effectiveness on other types of oral symptoms remain unclear. Little information comparing the different types of CBTs in the dental setting is currently available. Because dental professionals are often expected to conduct CBTs in the dental setting, it is important to develop proper training programs for dental professionals.

In this review article, we demonstrate and discuss the application of CBTs for psychosomatic problems, including temporomandibular disorders, dental anxiety, burning mouth syndrome, and other oral complaints in dental settings.

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Most cited references 48

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Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review of axis I epidemiologic findings.

Fabio Piccotti, Ephraim Winocur, Jari Ahlberg … (2011)

The aim of this study was to summarize and systematically review the literature on the prevalence of different research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD) version 1.0 axis I diagnoses in patient and in the general populations. For each of the relevant papers, the following data/information were recorded for meta-analysis and discussion: sample size and demographic features (mean age, female-to-male ratio); prevalence of the assigned diagnoses; prevalence of the diagnoses assigned to the left and right joints, if available; prevalence of the diagnoses assigned to the 2 genders, if available; prevalence of the different combinations of multiple diagnoses, if available; and prevalence of TMD (only for community studies). Twenty-one (n = 21) papers were included in the review (15 dealing with TMD patient populations and 6 with community samples). The studies on TMD patients accounted for a total of 3,463 subjects (mean age 30.2-39.4 years, female-to-male ratio 3.3), with overall prevalences of 45.3% for group I muscle disorder diagnoses, 41.1% for group II disc displacements, and 30.1% for group III joint disorders. Studies on general populations accounted for a total of 2,491 subjects, with an overall 9.7% prevalence for group I, 11.4% for group IIa, and 2.6% for group IIIa diagnoses. Prevalence reports were highly variable across studies. Myofascial pain with or without mouth opening limitation was the commonest diagnosis in TMD patient populations, and disc displacement with reduction was the commonest diagnosis in community samples. Copyright © 2011 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Treatment of specific phobia in adults.

Yujuan Choy, D Lipsitz, Abby Fyer (2007)

This is a comprehensive review of treatment studies in specific phobia. Acute and long-term efficacy studies of in vivo exposure, virtual reality, cognitive therapy and other treatments from 1960 to 2005 were retrieved from computer search engines. Although specific phobia is a chronic illness and animal extinction studies suggest that relapse is a common phenomenon, little is known about long-term outcome. Treatment gains are generally maintained for one year, but longer follow-up studies are needed to better understand and prevent relapse. Acutely, the treatments are not equally effective among the phobia subtypes. Most phobias respond robustly to in vivo exposure, but it is associated with high dropout rates and low treatment acceptance. Response to systematic desensitization is more moderate. A few studies suggest that virtual reality may be effective in flying and height phobia, but this needs to be substantiated by more controlled trials. Cognitive therapy is most helpful in claustrophobia, and blood-injury phobia is uniquely responsive to applied tension. The limited data on medication have not been promising with the exception of adjunctive D-clycoserine. Despite the acute benefits of in vivo exposure, greater attention should be paid to improve treatment acceptance and retention, and additional controlled studies of more acceptable treatments are needed.

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Burning mouth syndrome: prevalence and associated factors.

Maud Bergdahl, Jan Bergdahl (1999)

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by a burning sensation in the oral cavity although the oral mucosa is clinically normal. The syndrome mostly affects middle-aged women. Various local, systemic and psychological factors have been found to be associated with BMS, but its etiology is not fully understood. Oral complaints and salivary flow were surveyed in 669 men and 758 women randomly selected from 48,500 individuals between the ages 20 and 69 years. Fifty-three individuals (3.7%), 11 men (1.6%) and 42 women (5.5%), were classified as having BMS. In men, no BMS was found before the age group 40 to 49 years where the prevalence was 0.7%, which increased to 3.6% in the oldest age group. In women, no BMS was found in the youngest age group, but in the age group 30 to 39 years the prevalence was 0.6% and increased to 12.2% in the oldest age group. Subjective oral dryness, age, medication, taste disturbances, intake of L-thyroxines, illness, stimulated salivary flow rate, depression and anxiety were factors associated with BMS. In individuals with BMS, the most prevalent site with burning sensations was the tongue (67.9%). The intensity of the burning sensation was estimated to be 4.6 on a visual analogue scale. There were no increased levels of depression, anxiety or stress among individuals with more pain compared to those with less pain. It was concluded that BMS should be seen as a marker of illness and/or distress, and the complex etiology of BMS demands specialist treatment.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Hirofumi Matsuoka: mazun@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp

Itsuo Chiba: i-chiba@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp

Yuji Sakano: sakano@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp

Akira Toyofuku: toyoompm@tmd.ac.jp

Yoshihiro Abiko: +81-133-23-1390 , yoshi-ab@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biopsychosoc Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biopsychosoc Med

Title: Biopsychosocial Medicine

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1751-0759

Publication date (Electronic): 13 June 2017

Publication date PMC-release: 13 June 2017

Publication date Collection: 2017

Volume: 11

Electronic Location Identifier: 18

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1769 5590, GRID grid.412021.4, Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, , Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, ; Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido Japan

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1769 5590, GRID grid.412021.4, School of Psychological Science, , Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, ; Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido Japan

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 1014 9130, GRID grid.265073.5, Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, , Tokyo Medical and Dental University, ; Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1769 5590, GRID grid.412021.4, Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, , Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, ; Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido Japan

Article

Publisher ID: 102

DOI: 10.1186/s13030-017-0102-z

PMC ID: 5470220

PubMed ID: 28630646

SO-VID: 62ec8e57-fedb-4290-9203-70837fcad376

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 16 January 2017

Date accepted : 2 June 2017

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science;

Award ID: JP26780389

Award Recipient : Hirofumi Matsuoka

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry

Keywords: cognitive behavioral therapy,temporomandibular disorder,dental anxiety,burning mouth syndrome,atypical odontalgia,halitophobia,dry mouth

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry

Keywords: cognitive behavioral therapy, temporomandibular disorder, dental anxiety, burning mouth syndrome, atypical odontalgia, halitophobia, dry mouth

Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosomatic problems in dental settings

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Most cited references 48

Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review of axis I epidemiologic findings.

Treatment of specific phobia in adults.

Burning mouth syndrome: prevalence and associated factors.

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