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      Corticospinal Beta-Band Synchronization Entails Rhythmic Gain Modulation

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          Abstract

          Rhythmic synchronization of neurons in the beta or gamma band occurs almost ubiquitously, and this synchronization has been linked to numerous nervous system functions. Many respective studies make the implicit assumption that neuronal synchronization affects neuronal interactions. Indeed, when neurons synchronize, their output spikes reach postsynaptic neurons together, trigger coincidence detection mechanisms, and therefore have an enhanced impact. There is ample experimental evidence demonstrating this consequence of neuronal synchronization, but beyond this, beta/gamma-band synchronization within a group of neurons might also modulate the impact of synaptic input to that synchronized group. This would constitute a separate mechanism through which synchronization affects neuronal interactions, but direct in vivo evidence for this putative mechanism is lacking. Here, we demonstrate that synchronized beta-band activity of a neuronal group modulates the efficacy of synaptic input to that group in-phase with the beta rhythm. This response modulation was not an addition of rhythmic activity onto the average response but a rhythmic modulation of multiplicative input gain. Our results demonstrate that beta-rhythmic activity of a neuronal target group multiplexes input gain along the rhythm cycle. The actual gain of an input then depends on the precision and the phase of its rhythmic synchronization to this target, providing one mechanistic explanation for why synchronization modulates interactions.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Neurosci
          J. Neurosci
          jneuro
          jneurosci
          J. Neurosci
          The Journal of Neuroscience
          Society for Neuroscience
          0270-6474
          1529-2401
          24 March 2010
          : 30
          : 12
          : 4481-4488
          Affiliations
          [1] 1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre and
          [2] 2Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands,
          [3] 3Philips Research Europe, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and
          [4] 4Ernst Strüngmann Institute in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
          Author notes
          Correspondence should be addressed to P. Fries, Ernst Strüngmann Institute in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstraße 46, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany. pascal.fries@ 123456esi-frankfurt.de
          Article
          PMC6634500 PMC6634500 6634500 3584173
          10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2794-09.2010
          6634500
          20335484
          66d9b334-a2ef-4e97-a8e9-4873ada1b49c
          Copyright © 2010 the authors 0270-6474/10/304481-08$15.00/0

          This article is freely available online through the J Neurosci Open Choice option.

          History
          : 14 June 2009
          : 1 November 2009
          : 18 February 2010
          Categories
          Articles
          Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive

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