The prevalence and correlates of low sexual functioning in women on hemodialysis: A multinational, cross-sectional study

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Abstract

Sexual dysfunction may affect 80% of women in hemodialysis. However the specific patterns and clinical correlates of sexual functioning remain poorly described. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence and correlates of the individual domains of sexual functioning in women treated with hemodialysis. We recruited, into this multinational cross-sectional study, women treated with long-term hemodialysis (Collaborative Working Group on Depression and Sexual dysfunction in Hemodialysis study). Self-reported domains of sexual functioning were assessed by the Female Sexual Function Index, which is routinely administered within the network of dialysis patients followed by the working group. Lower scores represented lower sexual functioning. Socio-demographic and clinical correlates of each domain of sexual functioning were identified by stepwise multivariable linear regression. Sensitivity analyses were restricted to women who reported being sexually active. We found that of 1309 enrolled women, 659 (50.3%) provided complete responses to FSFI survey questions and 232 (35%) reported being sexually active. Overall, most respondents reported either no sexual activity or low sexual functioning in all measured domains (orgasm 75.1%; arousal 64.0%; lubrication 63.3%; pain 60.7%; satisfaction 60.1%; sexual desire 58.0%). Respondents who were waitlisted for a kidney transplant reported scores with higher sexual functioning, while older respondents reported scores with lower functioning. The presence of depression was associated with worse lubrication and pain scores [mean difference for depressed versus non-depressed women (95% CI) -0.42 (-0.73 to -0.11), -0.53 (-0.89 to -0.16), respectively] while women who had experienced a previous cardiovascular event reported higher pain scores [-0.77 (-1.40- to -0.13)]. In conclusion, women in hemodialysis reported scores consistent with marked low sexual functioning across a range of domains; the low functioning appeared to be associated with comorbidity.

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A randomized, controlled trial of early versus late initiation of dialysis.

Bruce A Cooper, Pauline Branley, Liliana Bulfone … (2010)

In clinical practice, there is considerable variation in the timing of the initiation of maintenance dialysis for patients with stage V chronic kidney disease, with a worldwide trend toward early initiation. In this study, conducted at 32 centers in Australia and New Zealand, we examined whether the timing of the initiation of maintenance dialysis influenced survival among patients with chronic kidney disease. We randomly assigned patients 18 years of age or older with progressive chronic kidney disease and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 10.0 and 15.0 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area (calculated with the use of the Cockcroft-Gault equation) to planned initiation of dialysis when the estimated GFR was 10.0 to 14.0 ml per minute (early start) or when the estimated GFR was 5.0 to 7.0 ml per minute (late start). The primary outcome was death from any cause. Between July 2000 and November 2008, a total of 828 adults (mean age, 60.4 years; 542 men and 286 women; 355 with diabetes) underwent randomization, with a median time to the initiation of dialysis of 1.80 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.60 to 2.23) in the early-start group and 7.40 months (95% CI, 6.23 to 8.27) in the late-start group. A total of 75.9% of the patients in the late-start group initiated dialysis when the estimated GFR was above the target of 7.0 ml per minute, owing to the development of symptoms. During a median follow-up period of 3.59 years, 152 of 404 patients in the early-start group (37.6%) and 155 of 424 in the late-start group (36.6%) died (hazard ratio with early initiation, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.30; P=0.75). There was no significant difference between the groups in the frequency of adverse events (cardiovascular events, infections, or complications of dialysis). In this study, planned early initiation of dialysis in patients with stage V chronic kidney disease was not associated with an improvement in survival or clinical outcomes. (Funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and others; Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, 12609000266268.)

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Setting research priorities for patients on or nearing dialysis.

Andreas Laupacis, Claire Large, Sally Crowe P G Dip … (2014)

With increasing emphasis among health care providers and funders on patient-centered care, it follows that patients and their caregivers should be included when priorities for research are being established. This study sought to identify the most important unanswered questions about the management of kidney failure from the perspective of adult patients on or nearing dialysis, their caregivers, and the health care professionals who care for these patients. Research uncertainties were identified through a national Canadian survey of adult patients on or nearing dialysis, their caregivers, and health care professionals. Uncertainties were refined by a steering committee that included patients, caregivers, researchers, and clinicians to assemble a short-list of the top 30 uncertainties. Thirty-four people (11 patients; five caregivers; eight physicians; six nurses; and one social worker, pharmacist, physiotherapist, and dietitian each) from across Canada subsequently participated in a workshop to determine the top 10 research questions. In total, 1570 usable research uncertainties were received from 317 respondents to the survey. Among these, 259 unique uncertainties were identified; after ranking, these were reduced to a short-list of 30 uncertainties. During the in-person workshop, the top 10 research uncertainties were identified, which included questions about enhanced communication among patients and providers, dialysis modality options, itching, access to kidney transplantation, heart health, dietary restrictions, depression, and vascular access. These can be used alongside the results of other research priority-setting exercises to guide researchers in designing future studies and inform health care funders. Copyright © 2014 by the American Society of Nephrology.

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Meta-analysis: erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in patients with chronic kidney disease.

A Garg, Giusi Graziano, Gianni Tognoni … (2010)

Previous meta-analyses suggest that treatment with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk for death. Additional randomized trials have been recently completed. To summarize the effects of ESA treatment on clinical outcomes in patients with anemia and CKD. MEDLINE (January 1966 to November 2009), EMBASE (January 1980 to November 2009), and the Cochrane database (to March 2010) were searched without language restriction. Two authors independently screened reports to identify randomized trials evaluating ESA treatment in people with CKD. Hemoglobin target trials or trials of ESA versus no treatment or placebo were included. Two authors independently extracted data on patient characteristics, study risks for bias, and the effects of ESA therapy. 27 trials (10 452 patients) were identified. A higher hemoglobin target was associated with increased risks for stroke (relative risk [RR], 1.51 [95% CI, 1.03 to 2.21]), hypertension (RR, 1.67 [CI, 1.31 to 2.12]), and vascular access thrombosis (RR, 1.33 [CI, 1.16 to 1.53]) compared with a lower hemoglobin target. No statistically significant differences in the risks for mortality (RR, 1.09 [CI, 0.99 to 1.20]), serious cardiovascular events (RR, 1.15 [CI, 0.98 to 1.33]), or end-stage kidney disease (RR, 1.08 [CI, 0.97 to 1.20]) were observed, although point estimates favored a lower hemoglobin target. Treatment effects were consistent across subgroups, including all stages of CKD. The evidence for effects on quality of life was limited by selective reporting. Trials also reported insufficient information to allow analysis of the independent effects of ESA dose on clinical outcomes. Targeting higher hemoglobin levels in CKD increases risks for stroke, hypertension, and vascular access thrombosis and probably increases risks for death, serious cardiovascular events, and end-stage renal disease. The mechanisms for harm remain unclear, and meta-analysis of individual-patient data and trials on fixed ESA doses are recommended to elucidate these mechanisms. None.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Abelardo I Aguilera: Role: Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE

Journal ID (publisher-id): plos

Journal ID (pmc): plosone

Title: PLoS ONE

Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )

ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203

Publication date (Electronic): 20 June 2017

Publication date Collection: 2017

Volume: 12

Issue: 6

Electronic Location Identifier: e0179511

Affiliations

[1 ]Medical Scientific Office, Diaverum, Lund, Sweden

[2 ]Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

[3 ]Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

[4 ]Centre for Outcomes, Research and clinical Epidemiology, Pescara, Italy

[5 ]Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy

[6 ]Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland

[7 ]SHS, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

[8 ]Diaverum Academy, Bari, Italy

[9 ]Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, SPAIN

Author notes

Competing Interests: We declare that some authors are employed by the commercial company Diaverum. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Conceptualization: VS PN GFMS.
Data curation: VS PN SP MR JC LG MT EC RG ABS JD PS ML DD AMM SS CW JH GFMS.
Formal analysis: VS MS.
Methodology: VS PN MS GFMS.
Supervision: SP GFMS.
Validation: VS GFMS.
Visualization: VS PN SP MS MR JC LG GL MT EC RG ABS JD PS ML DD AMM SS CW JH GFMS.
Writing – original draft: VS PN.
Writing – review & editing: VS PN SP MS MR JC LG GL MT EC RG ABS JD PS ML DD AMM SS CW JH GFMS.

* E-mail: gfmstrippoli@ 123456gmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: PONE-D-17-07166

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179511

PMC ID: 5478101

PubMed ID: 28632793

SO-VID: 68a97e9d-e67e-4d5d-a6ee-86582d49d032

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date received : 22 February 2017

Date accepted : 30 May 2017

Page count

Figures: 2, Tables: 3, Pages: 12

Funding

We declare that some authors are employed by the commercial company Diaverum. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors [VS, PN, MR, LG, MT, EC, RG, AB, JD, PS, ML, DDC, AM, SS, CW, JH, GS] but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.

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The prevalence and correlates of low sexual functioning in women on hemodialysis: A multinational, cross-sectional study

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Abstract

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PLOS Climate

Most cited references 27

A randomized, controlled trial of early versus late initiation of dialysis.

Setting research priorities for patients on or nearing dialysis.

Meta-analysis: erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in patients with chronic kidney disease.

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