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      The Biochemical Literacy Framework: Inviting pedagogical innovation in higher education

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          Abstract

          What makes a biochemist? Here, we introduce the Biochemical Literacy Framework (BCLF) comprised seven key skills: critical thinking, self‐management, communication, information literacy, visual literacy, practical skills and content knowledge. This BCLF is intended to facilitate further consultation and discussion towards defining the context and qualities of a biochemist.

          Abstract

          When developing meaningful curricula, institutions must engage with the desired disciplinary attributes of their graduates. Successfully employed in several areas, including psychology and chemistry, disciplinary literacies provide structure for the development of core competencies‐pursuing progressive education. To this end, we have sought to develop a comprehensive blueprint of a graduate biochemist, providing detailed insight into the development of skills in the context of disciplinary knowledge. The Biochemical Literacy Framework (BCLF) aspires to encourage innovative course design in both the biochemical field and beyond through stimulating discussion among individuals developing undergraduate biochemistry degree courses based on pedagogical best practice. Here, we examine the concept of biochemical literacy aiming to start answering the question: What must individuals do and know to approach and transform ideas in the context of the biochemical sciences? The BCLF began with the guidance published by relevant learned societies – including the Royal Society of Biology, the Biochemical Society, the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Quality Assurance Agency, before considering relevant pedagogical literature. We propose that biochemical literacy is comprised of seven key skills: critical thinking, self‐management, communication, information literacy, visual literacy, practical skills and content knowledge. Together, these form a dynamic, highly interconnected and interrelated meta‐literacy supporting the use of evidence‐based, robust learning techniques. The BCLF is intended to form the foundation for discussion between colleagues, in addition to forming the groundwork for both pragmatic and exploratory future studies into facilitating and further defining biochemical literacy.

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          A ‘missing’ family of classical orthogonal polynomials

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            Biology in bloom: implementing Bloom's Taxonomy to enhance student learning in biology.

            We developed the Blooming Biology Tool (BBT), an assessment tool based on Bloom's Taxonomy, to assist science faculty in better aligning their assessments with their teaching activities and to help students enhance their study skills and metacognition. The work presented here shows how assessment tools, such as the BBT, can be used to guide and enhance teaching and student learning in a discipline-specific manner in postsecondary education. The BBT was first designed and extensively tested for a study in which we ranked almost 600 science questions from college life science exams and standardized tests. The BBT was then implemented in three different collegiate settings. Implementation of the BBT helped us to adjust our teaching to better enhance our students' current mastery of the material, design questions at higher cognitive skills levels, and assist students in studying for college-level exams and in writing study questions at higher levels of Bloom's Taxonomy. From this work we also created a suite of complementary tools that can assist biology faculty in creating classroom materials and exams at the appropriate level of Bloom's Taxonomy and students to successfully develop and answer questions that require higher-order cognitive skills.
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              Do students value feedback? Student perceptions of tutors’ written responses

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                ian.bailey@surrey.ac.uk
                Journal
                FEBS Open Bio
                FEBS Open Bio
                10.1002/(ISSN)2211-5463
                FEB4
                FEBS Open Bio
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2211-5463
                18 August 2020
                September 2020
                : 10
                : 9 ( doiID: 10.1002/feb4.v10.9 )
                : 1720-1736
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Biochemical Sciences University of Surrey Guildford UK
                [ 2 ] Department of Higher Education University of Surrey Guildford UK
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                I. G. Bailey, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK

                E-mail: ian.bailey@ 123456surrey.ac.uk

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-6048
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-0669
                Article
                FEB412938
                10.1002/2211-5463.12938
                7459419
                32696491
                6c588855-90c6-4dd8-afb0-bd7091be43de
                © 2020 The Authors. Published by FEBS Press and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 07 February 2020
                : 22 June 2020
                : 17 July 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 3, Pages: 17, Words: 9792
                Funding
                Funded by: University of Surrey , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100003513;
                Categories
                Education Article
                Education Article
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                September 2020
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:5.8.8 mode:remove_FC converted:01.09.2020

                biochemistry,curriculum design,higher education,pedagogy,scientific literacy

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