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      El modelo de salud sexual de una comunidad

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          Abstract

          Se realiza un estudio transversal descriptivo para armar el modelo de salud sexual de los individuos sexualmente activos atendidos en dos consultorios médicos de zona urbana. Se aplicó un formulario y se realizó examen clínico sustentado por los exámenes de laboratorio después de haber solicitado el permiso de esta población para realizar la investigación que nos permitió hacer distinción entre no enfermos y enfermos. Las variables que nos posibilitaron conformar este estudio fueron: la influencia de la convivencia familiar en la aparición de las ETS, responsables de la crianza, escolaridad, estado civil, antecedentes de ETS, uso de condón, información-orientación recibida. La no convivencia familiar afectó la salud sexual de esta población. La escolaridad tuvo un papel protector a favor de aquellos con mayor nivel, lo que nos hace pensar que este grupo esté más comprometido con la responsabilidad ante su conducta sexual. A pesar del énfasis que se realiza en el uso de condón en esta población resultó en general pobre, los antecedentes de ETS fueron favorecedores a la aparición de una o más ETS. Se hace necesario ensayar alternativas avaladas por nuevos enfoques que logren motivar a las poblaciones a fin de elevar su cultura sanitaria en pro de la salud sexual.

          Translated abstract

          A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to make the sexual health model of the sexually active individuals that receive attention at two urban family physicians´ offices. A questionnaire was applied and a clinical examination was made supported by the laboratory tests after having requested the permission of this population to carry out the investigation that allowed us to distinguish the sick from the sound subjects. The variables used to conduct this study were: the influence of living together on the appareance of STD, persons in charge of their raising, educational level, marital status, STD history, use of condon, and information and guidance received. The sexual health of those who do not live with their families was affected. The educational level played a protective role among those with the highest level, which make us think that this group is more responsible for their sexual conduct. Despite the emphasis made on the use of condon, its use proved to be poor in this population. STD history favored the appereance of one or more STD. It is necessary to try alternatives based on new approaches that motivate population to increase its health culture for the benefit of sexual health.

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          Modelling and modifying young heterosexuals' HIV-preventive behaviour; a review of theories, findings and educational implications.

          Studies applying social cognitive frameworks such as the health belief model and the theory of reasoned action to HIV-prevention are reviewed. These models suggest that appropriate beliefs, attitudes, social norms, intentions and perceived self-efficacy are sufficient psychological conditions for safer sexual behaviour. Limitations inherent in these accounts are identified and additional factors which need to be incorporated in psychological models and health education programmes are highlighted. These include, the motivational complexity of sexual behaviour, the emotional and arousal states in which it is enacted, the difficulties of planning what is regarded as spontaneous interaction and contextual factors which can undermine HIV-preventive intentions. Health education interventions aimed at individual, group and community levels are examined in light of this theoretical review and action-focused, empowering interventions grounded in youth culture are recommended.
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            Medicina preventiva y salud pública

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              Medicina preventiva y salud pública

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: COORD
                Role: COORD
                Journal
                mgi
                Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral
                Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr
                ECIMED (Ciudad de La Habana )
                1561-3038
                June 1999
                : 15
                : 3
                : 241-246
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Ministerio de Salud Pública Cuba
                Article
                S0864-21251999000300004
                70e906d6-cece-4b2f-b09b-fdebb7351386

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0864-2125&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                SEXUALLY TRANSMITIED DISEASES,FACTORS; SEXUALITY,PHYSICIANS, FAMILY,PRIMARY HEALTH CARE,ENFERMEDADES SEXUALMENTE TRANSMISIBLES,FACTORES DE RIESGO,SEXUALIDAD,MEDICOS DE FAMILIA,ATENCION PRIMARIA DE SALUD

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