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      The Journey of Recovery and Empowerment Embraced by Nature — Clients’ Perspectives on Nature-Based Rehabilitation in Relation to the Role of the Natural Environment

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          Abstract

          This paper presents findings from real life situations, a longitudinal single case study on the role of natural environments in nature-based rehabilitation (NBR) for individuals with stress-related mental disorders, at the Alnarp Rehabilitation Garden in Sweden. A sample of 43 former clients voluntarily participated in semi-structured interview, and the data were analyzed according to interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Three main superordinate themes were identified as the three phases of NBR— Prelude, Recuperating and Empowerment—explaining and illuminating the role of the natural environments in each phase. An explanatory model of NBR in this context is presented including the three phases of NBR, IRP supportive occupations and a pyramid of supporting environments. A new component of supportive environments was identified and herby named, Social quietness, an important component facilitating personal and intimate engagement with the natural environments.

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          Healthy life expectancy for 187 countries, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden Disease Study 2010

          Joshua A Salomon, Haidong Wang, Michael Freeman … (2012)
          The Lancet, 380(9859), 2144-2162
          Article 0 comments Cited 314 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Psychosocial work environment and stress-related disorders, a systematic review.

            K. Nieuwenhuijsen, D Bruinvels, M. Frings-Dresen (2010)
            Knowledge on the impact of the psychosocial work environment on the occurrence of stress-related disorders (SRDs) can assist occupational physicians in the assessment of the work-relatedness of these disorders. To systematically review the contribution of work-related psychosocial risk factors to SRDs. A systematic review of the literature was carried out by searching Medline, PsycINFO and Embase for studies published up until October 2008. Studies eligible for inclusion were prospective cohort studies or patient-control studies of workers at risk for SRDs. Studies were included in the review when data on the association between exposure to psychosocial work factors and the occurrence of SRDs were presented. Where possible, meta-analysis was conducted to obtain summary odds ratios of the association. The strength of the evidence was assessed using four levels of evidence. From the 2426 studies identified, seven prospective studies were included in this review. Strong evidence was found that high job demands, low job control, low co-worker support, low supervisor support, low procedural justice, low relational justice and a high effort-reward imbalance predicted the incidence of SRDs. This systematic review points to the potential of preventing SRDs by improving the psychosocial work environment. However, more prospective studies are needed on the remaining factors, exposure assessment and the relative contributions of single factors, in order to enable consistent assessment of the work-relatedness of SRDs by occupational physicians.
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              Stress Recovery during Exposure to Nature Sound and Environmental Noise

              Jesper J Alvarsson, Stefan Wiens, Mats E. Nilsson (2010)
              Research suggests that visual impressions of natural compared with urban environments facilitate recovery after psychological stress. To test whether auditory stimulation has similar effects, 40 subjects were exposed to sounds from nature or noisy environments after a stressful mental arithmetic task. Skin conductance level (SCL) was used to index sympathetic activation, and high frequency heart rate variability (HF HRV) was used to index parasympathetic activation. Although HF HRV showed no effects, SCL recovery tended to be faster during natural sound than noisy environments. These results suggest that nature sounds facilitate recovery from sympathetic activation after a psychological stressor.
              Article 0 comments Cited 198 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ijerph
                Title: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Print): 1661-7827
                ISSN (Electronic): 1660-4601
                Publication date (Electronic): 14 July 2014
                Publication date (Print): July 2014
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 7
                Pages: 7094-7115
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Work Science, Business Economics and Environmental Psychology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 88, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden; E-Mails: birgitta.persson@ 123456slu.se (B.P.); patrik.grahn@ 123456slu.se (P.G.)
                [2 ]Department of Health Science Center, Occupational Therapy and Occupational Science, Lund University, P.O. Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; E-Mail: dennis.persson@ 123456med.lu.se
                Author notes
                [* ]Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: anna.maria.palsdottir@ 123456slu.se ; Tel.: +46-40-415-536.
                Article
                Publisher ID: ijerph-11-07094
                DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110707094
                PMC ID: 4113863
                PubMed ID: 25026080
                SO-VID: 7940114e-ff29-4459-927b-9ddac915fab3
                Copyright © © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
                License:

                This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                Date received : 13 March 2014
                Date revision received : 16 June 2014
                Date accepted : 30 June 2014
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: supportive environment,horticulture therapy,stress restoration,therapeutic landscape,evidence-based health design,social quietness
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: supportive environment, horticulture therapy, stress restoration, therapeutic landscape, evidence-based health design, social quietness

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